The feature of blood gas alterations caused by ventilation and perfusion imbalance is ()
A. Decreased PaO2 , and increased PaCO2
B. Decreased PaO2 , and decreased PaCO2
C. Decreased PaO2 ,and proportionally increased PaCO2
Decreased PaO2 with a normal or decreased, or increased PaCO2,
E. Both PaO2 and PaCO2 may be not definitive
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Oxygen therapy is not effective to the respiratory failure caused by ()
A. Impaired ventilation
B. Diffusion impairment
C. Lung arterio-venous fistula
Dead space like ventilation
E. Functional shunt
The most common acid-base imbalance that results from respiratory failure is ()
A. Metabolic acidosis
B. Respiratory acidosis
C. Metabolic alkalosis
D. Respiratory alkalosis
E. Mixed acid-base balance disorder
Ammonia, which can cause hepatic encephalopathy, mainly comes from ()
A. Intestine germ producing ammonia
B. Catalyzing amino acid to producing ammonia by muscles
Catalyzing amino acid to producing ammonia by brain
D. Kidney producing ammonia
E. Transform from NH4+
Which of the following is not the mechanism of ammonia intoxication ( )
A. Interference with cerebral energy metabolism
B. Influencing the synthesis of neurotransmitters
C. Direct harmful effect on the neuronal membrane
Decreased level of glutamine
E. Decreased level of glutamic acid and acetylcholine (Ach)
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