Oxygen therapy is not effective to the respiratory failure caused by ()
A. Impaired ventilation
B. Diffusion impairment
C. Lung arterio-venous fistula
Dead space like ventilation
E. Functional shunt
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The most common acid-base imbalance that results from respiratory failure is ()
A. Metabolic acidosis
B. Respiratory acidosis
C. Metabolic alkalosis
D. Respiratory alkalosis
E. Mixed acid-base balance disorder
Ammonia, which can cause hepatic encephalopathy, mainly comes from ()
A. Intestine germ producing ammonia
B. Catalyzing amino acid to producing ammonia by muscles
Catalyzing amino acid to producing ammonia by brain
D. Kidney producing ammonia
E. Transform from NH4+
Which of the following is not the mechanism of ammonia intoxication ( )
A. Interference with cerebral energy metabolism
B. Influencing the synthesis of neurotransmitters
C. Direct harmful effect on the neuronal membrane
Decreased level of glutamine
E. Decreased level of glutamic acid and acetylcholine (Ach)
The main cause of the organic failure stage (refractory stage or microcirculatory failure stage) of shock is()
Acid-base disturbances
B. Failure of vasoconstriction response or DIC
Cardiac dysfunction
D. Serious renal dysfunction
E. Lung edema