( )is defined as the time required to achieve a stated reduction in the microbial population at a given temperature.
A. Thermal death time
B. D value
C. Z value
D. F value
查看答案
( ) provide a good alternative, as they can withstand higher temperatures(up to 75℃), operate at a wide pH range (1 to 13), and have reasonable chlorine resistance (up to 50 ppm chlorine).
A. cellulose acetate
B. polymer
C. Polysulfones
D. ceramic
There are two parameters used to describe the thermal resistance of a microbial specie in an elevated temperature environment they are ( ).
A. D-value and Z-value
B. D-value and F-value
C. Z-value and F-value
D-value and E-value
In most situations, growth of most species of microorganisms is negligible at ( )℃.
A. -4
B. -10
C. -18
D. -27
The potential hazards of the toxin from Clostridium botulinum is sufficient to create ( )fatality in humans who ingest the toxin.
A. 65%
B. 70%
C. 90%
D. 30%