Question 8John Dunlosky described an enormous "meta-analysis" that he and his colleagues conducted to identify effective learning techniques that students can use to improve their learning. What three strategies did he identify as being the most successful for learning and memory?John Dunlosky描述了他和他的同事们进行的一项庞大的整合研究。这项研究证实了一些学生可以使用的有效的学习技巧。他证实哪三种策略是学习和记忆最有效的？
A. distributed practice, highlighting, interleaving 分散式学习、标记重点和交错式学习
B. interleaving, retrieval and distributed practice 交错式学习、回忆检索式学习和分散式学习
C. re-reading, retrieval and distributed practice 重读、回忆检索式学习和分散式学习
D. highlighting, re-reading, and distributed practice 标记重点、重读和分散式学习
E. retrieval practice, re-reading, interleaving 回忆检索式学习、重读和交错式学习
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Question 6In our conversation with Bob Bjork, he described the various metaphors for how the mind works. Which one was the most accurate according to Bjork?Bob Bjork在和我们的对话中描述了大脑工作机制的多种比喻。Bjork认为哪种是最贴近的？
A. a compact disc 光盘
B. computer memory 计算机存储器
C. a tape recorder 磁带录音机
D. a scaffolding structure 支架结构
E. a video camera 摄像机
Question 5"Cramming" is a form of what type of learning?“死记硬背”（视频中翻译的是填鸭式用功和死记硬背）是以下哪种学习方法的形式？
A. massed learning 集中学习
B. associative learning 联想学习
C. distributed learning 分散式学习
D. active learning 主动学习
E. interleaved learning 交错式学习
Question 3"Retrieval practice" is the act of calling information to mind or overtly writing, typing, or speaking a response rather than simply rereading it or hearing the information again. You'll remember the information better if you make an effort to retrieve the information from memory. Which one of the following is not an example of retrieval practice?“回忆检索式练习”是一种在心里默默回忆信息或是用手写、打字、回答的方式进行练习的方法，而不是单单反复阅读或是听取信息。若你能努力回忆检索信息，你将对这些信息记忆更为牢固。以下哪一项不是回忆检索式练习的例子？
A. Reading about one topic for a period of time and then switching to another topic. 读一个细目一段时间后改读另一个细目。
B. Answering fill-in-the-blank questions that a friend created. 回答朋友出的填空式问题。
Coming up with the correct English translation for "bonsoir" in your head before checking whether you're correct or not. 在翻字典前就想到“bonsoir（法语：晚安）”的正确的英语翻译。
D. Quizzing yourself with flashcards with the key term on one side and the correct answer on the other.用一面写着关键词、另一面写着正确答案的抽认卡来测试自己。
E. Hiding key ideas or concepts with your hand and then attempting to write them out in the remaining space.用手遮住关键内容或概念，然后在空白地方写下它们。
Question 2Which of the following is not an example of the planning fallacy?以下哪一项不是计划谬误的例子？
A. Estimating the cost of remodelling your kitchen to be $19,000, but ending up spending $39,000 instead.改造厨房预算19,000美元，但实际花了39,000美元。
Bringing four books with you on a holiday and reading a couple of chapters.放假买了四本书但只读了几章。
C. Buying a 24 month gym membership and using it twice a year.办了为期2年的健身房会员卡但一年只用两次。
D. Rating yourself as being a better driver, more attractive, and more moral than the average person.感觉自己比普通人更好，更有吸引力，更加有道德。
E. Selecting a topic for your 'change the world assignment' in Week 2 and starting the introduction the night before it's due.在学第二章时就给期末作业“改变世界”选好了主题，但直到截止日期的前一天晚上才开始着手做。
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