Question 3"Retrieval practice" is the act of calling information to mind or overtly writing, typing, or speaking a response rather than simply rereading it or hearing the information again. You'll remember the information better if you make an effort to retrieve the information from memory. Which one of the following is not an example of retrieval practice?“回忆检索式练习”是一种在心里默默回忆信息或是用手写、打字、回答的方式进行练习的方法，而不是单单反复阅读或是听取信息。若你能努力回忆检索信息，你将对这些信息记忆更为牢固。以下哪一项不是回忆检索式练习的例子？
A. Reading about one topic for a period of time and then switching to another topic. 读一个细目一段时间后改读另一个细目。
B. Answering fill-in-the-blank questions that a friend created. 回答朋友出的填空式问题。
Coming up with the correct English translation for "bonsoir" in your head before checking whether you're correct or not. 在翻字典前就想到“bonsoir（法语：晚安）”的正确的英语翻译。
D. Quizzing yourself with flashcards with the key term on one side and the correct answer on the other.用一面写着关键词、另一面写着正确答案的抽认卡来测试自己。
E. Hiding key ideas or concepts with your hand and then attempting to write them out in the remaining space.用手遮住关键内容或概念，然后在空白地方写下它们。
Question 2Which of the following is not an example of the planning fallacy?以下哪一项不是计划谬误的例子？
A. Estimating the cost of remodelling your kitchen to be $19,000, but ending up spending $39,000 instead.改造厨房预算19,000美元，但实际花了39,000美元。
Bringing four books with you on a holiday and reading a couple of chapters.放假买了四本书但只读了几章。
C. Buying a 24 month gym membership and using it twice a year.办了为期2年的健身房会员卡但一年只用两次。
D. Rating yourself as being a better driver, more attractive, and more moral than the average person.感觉自己比普通人更好，更有吸引力，更加有道德。
E. Selecting a topic for your 'change the world assignment' in Week 2 and starting the introduction the night before it's due.在学第二章时就给期末作业“改变世界”选好了主题，但直到截止日期的前一天晚上才开始着手做。
Question 7Shep Siegel described an experiment on a bunch of patients who had asthma. A third of the patients were given a drug called Albuterol, a third of the patients were given a placebo inhaler that didn't have the active drug in it, and a third of the patients were given nothing at all. Which one of the following summaries best describes the results of this experiment?
A. Patients who were given the placebo inhaler reported they they felt as good as those who got the Albuterol (and both groups did better than those who got nothing), but only the patients who received the Albuterol showed an improvement in respiratory volume.
B. Patients who were given the placebo inhaler reported they they felt better than those who got the Albuterol (and both groups did better than those who got nothing), but only the patients who received the Albuterol showed an improvement in respiratory volume.
C. Patients who were given the placebo inhaler reported they they felt as good as those who got the Albuterol (and both groups did better than those who got nothing), and both inhaler groups showed an improvement in respiratory volume.
D. Patients who were given the placebo inhaler reported they they felt as good as those who got the Albuterol (and both groups did better than those who got nothing), but only the patients who received the placebo showed an improvement in respiratory volume.
E. Patients who were given the placebo inhaler reported they they felt worse than those who got the Albuterol (and both groups did better than those who got nothing), but both inhaler groups showed an improvement in respiratory volume.
Question 7问题7We commonly use pattern recognition to make sense of the world. Our pattern recognition abilities are shaped by our ability to sharpen things that are consistent with what we expect to see, and level those things that are inconsistent. This effect is known as __________我们一般是用图形识别能力来了解世界的。我们的图形识别能力是被我们的某种能力塑造的，这个能力使我们强化我们期待看到的内容，并且把与期待无关的所有内容放到一个同等不重要的程度上（就像变成了背景）。这个效应被称之为：
A. a consistency effect.一致性效应
B. an anticipatory effect.预期效应
C. a false memory.错误记忆
D. an expectancy effect.期望效应
E. an experiential effect.体验效应
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