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The most important aspect of Malinowski’s theorizing concerns the [填空1] of language. According to him, language is a mode of [填空2], not a counterpart of ([填空3].

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Malinowski also distinguishes three types of situation. The first type is the situation in which speech interrelates with[填空1] activity. The second type is the [填空2]situation—the situation of the [填空3] of narration and the situation referred to by the[填空4]. The last type of situation is the situation in which speech is used to fill a speech vacuum—[填空5].

Influenced by Malinowski, Firth regards language as a [填空1] process, as a means of social life. Learning language is means of participating in[填空2]activities. In essence, Firth holds that meaning is[填空3].

Firth defines meaning as the relationship between an element at any level and its context on that level. The first one is[填空1] level--the relationship of each phoneme to its phonological context. Next, the lexical and[填空2]level—the relationship of each lexical item to the others in a sentence. Then, the[填空3]level --morphological relations of each word. And then the [填空4]level-- the sentence type of which the given sentence is an example. The last is the [填空5] level--the relationship of the sentence to its context of situation.

Firth proposes context of situation, which is subdivided into [填空1] context and[填空2] context. The former includes the entire cultural setting of speech and the personal history of the participants The latter refers to the probability of one word’s co-occurrence or collocation with another.