Why is ‘re-connecting to the biosphere’ considered to be important? (Please select one answer)
A. Reconnecting to the biosphere will lead to an unprecedented increase in global GDP due to increased understanding of how to use lessons from nature to drive economic productivity and innovation.
B. Reconnecting to the biosphere is important to ensure the long-term wellbeing of humanity on Earth
C. Reconnecting to the biosphere is purely a philosophical process whereby humans in urban areas can create visions of nature in their mind even in the absence of actual nature and green spaces around them.
D. Reconnecting to the biosphere will provide new insights into how best to continue to exploit our remaining natural resources optimally.
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According to Prof. Folke, globalizing human-environment interactions are characterized by increasing:(Choose three that apply)
A. Scale
B. Speed
C. Flexibility
D. Connectivity
E. Autonomy
What is one of Professor Folke’s main messages in relation to 'factors of production' in economic theory?(Please select one answer)
A. That land is no longer a limiting factor for economic and social development which is why it has been removed as a factor of production. Anything provided by land can now be provided by technology.
B. Since land was considered not to be a limiting factor for economic and social development in the mid and late 1900s, it was removed from the economic model. That is why ecological economics was developed during the 1980s aiming to reconnect to land by referring to “natural capital”.
C. We should return to the economic theory of the mid 1900s when land was considered a crucial part of the economic model, and call it ecological economics.
Sustainabilty needs to incorporate measures to eradicate poverty, improve social justice, and link sustainability initatives across scales.(Choose true or false)
A. True
B. False
When representatives of the world’s nations met at the 2012 UN Conference on Sustainable Development in Rio de Janiero, Oxfam, an international confederation advocating against poverty and injustice...(Please select one answer)
A. Publicly opposed the planetary boundaries concept on the grounds that it implies geoengineering will be needed by 2020.
B. Proposed "social foundations” for use alongside the "environmental ceiling” marked by the planetary boundaries
C. Reviewed the economic policies of the biggest nations to identify financial planetary boundaries.
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