Managers’ options for change essentially fall into what three categories?
A. environment, technology, and mission
B. structure, technology, and people
C. mission, structure, and people
D. mission, environment, and process
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In organizations, people who act as catalysts and assume the responsibility for managing the change process are called ______________.
A. change masters
B. change agents
C. operations managers
D. charismatic leaders
Lewin’s theory is consistent with which view of organizational change?
A. continuous
B. contemporary
C. Mayo’s
D. “calm waters”
What is the tendency for decision makers to falsely believe that they would have accurately predicted the outcome of an event once that outcome is actually known?
A. the hindsight bias
B. the sunk costs error
C. the randomness bias
D. the selective perception bias
Nonprogrammed decisions are best described as ________________.
A. recurring, but difficult to make
B. unique and nonrecurring
C. very similar to problems in other areas of the organization
D. requiring more aggressive action on the decision maker’s thought processes