题目内容

DISPATCH:()

A. dislike
B. cbliviousness
C. peacefulness
D. abnormality
E. unhurriedness

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Which of the following statements will the author most probably agree with

A. Financial considerations are more important than nonfinancial ones.
B. Nonfinancial considerations are more important than financial ones.
C. Nonfinancial considerations are as important as financial ones.
D. We have devoted more 8f our attention to nonfinancial considerations than is necessary.

CONDENSATION: APHORISM ::()

A. subversion: assertion
B. invention: neologism
C. exaggeration: caricature
D. truncation: heuristics
E. extradition: legislation

Hydrothermal vents along the mid-ocean ridges host ephemeral ecosystems of diverse fauna, including several crustacean species, some of which undergo development as larvae up to 1,000 meters above and 100 kilometers away from Line the vents. For example, vent crab Bythograea thermydron (at stage of(5) larvae) possess image-forming compound eyes with a visual pigment sensitive to the blue light of upper oceanic waters. As these larvae metamorphose into adulthood and begin to descend to and settle at the vents, they lose their image-forming optics and develop high-sensitivity naked-retina eyes. With maturation, the spectral absorbance of the visual pigment in these eyes also shifts towards(10) longer wavelengths and this progressive visual metamorphosis trades imaging for increased sensitivity, and changes spectral sensitivity to the dim, longer wavelengths of light existing at the bottom of the ocean. As hydrothermal vents produce light, vision may supplement thermal and chemical senses to orient post-larval settlement at vent sites. Which of the following is the most appropriate title for the passage()

Adaptive Visual Metamorphosis in Deep-Sea Vent Crabs
B. Aspects of the General Anatomical Development of Deep-Sea Vent Crabs
C. New Research Directions in the Study of Deep-Sea Vent Crabs
D. Common Features of Optics of Lower Depth Oceanic Animals
E. Patterns of Anatomical Transformation in Lower Oceanic Creatures

二、阅读下面文字,完成下面5个小题。 全球现有活火山600多座,其活动程度可分为喷溢、喷发、爆发3个等级,火山爆发是极强烈的火山活动,范围更大的火山爆发则会给地球环境及生物造成大灾害。 火山爆发除了直接灾害外,还可能引起区域性、全球性气候异常,带来其他自然灾害。1991年我国华东地区出现了百年不遇的特大洪水,专家们分析后认为:菲律宾皮纳图博火山爆发引起了亚洲广大地区天气异常,这可能是洪水爆发的主要原因之一。另据美国地质学家兰皮诺和考古学家安布罗斯考证,现印尼苏门答腊岛上的多巴火山,在7.1万年前曾有过一次极其强烈的爆发。那次火山爆发向大气层喷出了800 方千米的火山灰,使北半球1/3地区持续几个星期笼罩在黑暗之中;然后是长达6年的冬季效应,北半球可能是3/4的植物死亡;再后是长达千年的冰期。5万到7万年前的人口以及物种遗传变化的急剧减少,有可能是多巴火山大爆发造成的。不过,专家们又认为:像多巴火山这样强烈的爆发事件,在21世纪发生的可能性只有1/10000000,故此我们毋须过多担忧。 1999年4月,美国《科学》杂志报道,加利福尼亚大学伯克利分校的伦尼等研究人员,通过对美国新泽西州到西非的环大西洋火山的研究,提出了“火山爆发形成大西洋”的假说,他们认为:两亿年前,地球上曾发生过一次迄今为止最强烈的火山爆发,从而使位于现在大西洋位置的原始泛大陆(古代大陆)分裂为几个大洲,并形成大西洋。他们估计:这次火山爆发产生了巨大的熔岩流,其覆盖面积达 700万平方千米,持续时间长达几百万年。这次火山爆发时间正好与三叠纪与侏罗纪的衔接相吻合,大约50%的海洋物种和一些爬行动物都遭到灭顶之灾,从而为后来恐龙的出现和兴盛创了条件。不过,这一假说尚未得到证实。 下列标题中适合做本文标题的一项是()。

A. 火山爆发的现象
B. 火山爆发对地球的影响
C. 火出爆发与气候变化
D. 火山爆发与地球假说

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