Teaching reading usually involves three stages to develop students reading strategies and to increase their language efficiency: pre-reading; while-reading and post-reading.
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While-reading activities aim to focus attention on the main meaning and information of the text.
Predicting and setting the scene are the two major activity types in pre-reading stage.
Interactive Process thinks that our brain receives visual information and interprets or reconstructs the meaning of the writer through two directions: he process the printed messages (automatic word recognition, understanding sentence structure, building a discourse structure), meanwhile, he integrates the messages with his previous knowledge or experience.
With a bottom-up reading, teachers should teach the background knowledge first so that students equipped with such knowledge will be able to guess meaning from the text.