While-reading activities aim to focus attention on the main meaning and information of the text.
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Predicting and setting the scene are the two major activity types in pre-reading stage.
Interactive Process thinks that our brain receives visual information and interprets or reconstructs the meaning of the writer through two directions: he process the printed messages (automatic word recognition, understanding sentence structure, building a discourse structure), meanwhile, he integrates the messages with his previous knowledge or experience.
With a bottom-up reading, teachers should teach the background knowledge first so that students equipped with such knowledge will be able to guess meaning from the text.
Teachers should help to develop students reading strategies and skills, and help the students to read on their own.