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某施工企业通过投标获得了某住宅楼的施工任务，地上18层、地下3层，钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构，业主与施工单位、监理单位分别签订了施工合同、监理合同。施工单位(总包单位)将土方开挖、外墙涂料与防水工程分别分包给专业性公司，并签订了分包合同。 施工合同中说明：建筑面积23420m2，建设工期450天，1998年8月1日开工，1999年11月 25日竣工，工程造价3165万元。 合同约定结算方法：合同价款调整范围为业主认定的工程量增减、设计变更和洽商；外墙涂料、防水工程的材料费，调整依据为本地区工程造价管理部门公布的价格调整文件。 [问题] 合同履行过程中发生下述几种情况，请按要求回答问题。1.总包单位于7月24日进场，进行开工前的准备工作。原定8月1日开工，因业主办理伐树手续而延误至5日才开工，总包单位要求工期顺延4天。此项要求是否成立根据是什么 2．土方公司在基础开挖中遇有地下文物，采取了必要的保护措施。为此，总包单位请他们向业主要求索赔。对否为什么 3．在基础回填过程中，总包单位已按规定取土样，试验合格。监理工程师对填土质量表示异议，责成总包单位再次取样复验，结果合格。总包单位要求监理单位支付试验费。对否为什么 4．总包单位对混凝土搅拌设备的加水计量器进行改进研究，在本公司试验室内进行实验，改进成功用于本工程，总包单位要求此项试验费由业主支付。监理工程师是否批准为什么 5．结构施工期间．总包单位经总监理工程师同意更换了原项目经理，组织管理一度失调，导致封顶时间延误8天。总包单位以总监理工程师同意为由，要求给予适当工期补偿。总监理工程师是否批准为什么 6．监理工程师检查厕浴间防水工程，发现有漏水房间，逐一记录并要求防水公司整改。防水公司整改后向监理工程师进行了口头汇报，监理工程师即签证认可。事后发现仍有部分房间漏水，需进行返工。问返修的经济损失由谁承担监理工程师有什么错误 7．在做屋面防水时，经中间检查发现施工不符合设计要求，防水公司也自认为难以达到合同规定的质量要求，就向监理工程师提出终止合同的书面申请，问监理工程师应如何协调处理 8．在进行结算时，总包单位根据投标书，要求外墙涂料费用按发票价计取，业主认为应按合同条件中约定计取，为此发生争议。监理工程师应支持哪种意见为什么
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老姜是一家工厂的工人，近期工厂进行改革，精减人员，老姜下岗了。老姜的妻子在制药厂工作，就在老姜下岗后不久，妻子因为所在的制药厂破产也面临着失业。妻子的身体有残疾，很难再找到工作，女儿正在外地读大学，费用很高，家庭生活越来越困难。老姜也曾尝试去找过工作，但他的要求较高，希望能找一份自己喜欢的工作，收入还要高，而老姜又没什么专业技能，所以总是碰壁。找不到工作的老姜，情绪越来越坏，经常和妻子吵架，在外地读书的女儿知道家里的情况后，很担心，但又无能为力。老姜觉得自己的家庭情况符合享受城市低保的条件，于是到社区去申请低保，工作人员需要了解老姜家庭的具体情况，老姜对此非常不理解，觉得工作人员在有意为难他，对工作人员的态度非常恶劣。社会工作者李阳了解到老姜的家庭情况后，认为老姜符合申请低保的条件，帮助其申请了城市低保。同时，李阳多次与老姜进行沟通，帮助他一起分析自身条件和面临的就业压力及家庭生活情况，让他降低就业要求。经过李阳的努力，老姜对自己有了正确的认识，并且在李阳的帮助下在一家酒店做保洁工作，有了稳定的经济收入，老姜的家庭经济状况慢慢好转。同时，李阳还帮老姜的妻子联系了社区的康复机构，定期会有专业的工作人员上门为其指导康复。一年后，老姜退出了低保，还特意到居委会表示感谢。 在本案例中，社会工作者采用的个案工作具有哪些特点
YOUR BUILDING SERVICE √ We help people in this part of the city by: * checking all plans (方案) before people build new houses or make changes to old ones; * checking water pipes (管道); * looking at any problem buildings and making sure that they are all right. √ We check 900 building plans each year. √ We look at 700 building places each month to see if things are going on well. WHERE CAN YOU GET MORE DETAILS √ The Building Service is at the City Hall, Kenton, CN1 6KJ. Telephone: 676316 or 676317 √ We have office hours for people to come and talk about their problems. HELP US TO HELP YOU √ If you do building work, please think of other people. √ Be nice to people living next door. √ If you want to talk to us about your problems, please give as much detail (细节) as possible. √ If you see any building problems, please let us know right away. WHAT YOU CAN DO IF THINGS GO WRONG √ If you are not happy with us and have anything to say about the Building Service, please come, phone or write to The Planning Office, City Hall, Kenton, CN1 6KJ. Telephone: 676317 How many building places does the Building Service look at each month to see If things are going on well
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的[A]、[B]、[C]三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。 Mr. Reece is an interesting old main Mr. Reece worked (41) a farm. He and his wife (42) a lot of things and they had some cows. Every day they worked hard (43) morning till night. One day, Mr. Reece (44) his wife, "Let’s go to Portsmouth next Sunday. We can have a good lunch there and then we can go to the cinema." His wife was very (45) when she heard this, because they always ate a lot, and she didn’t like (46) three times a day. They went to Portsmouth (47) and walked about for an hour. Then, (48) it was twelve o’ clock, they wanted to have lunch. They looked at four restaurants. In front of one restaurant, they saw a notice. It (49) , "Lunch: 12:30 to 2:30, 1.5 pounds. " "Well, that’s great," Mr Reece said, "We can eat for two hours for 1.5 pounds here ! This is the (50) for us."
Passage Three Health-care services will account for almost one-fifth of all job growth during the 1996～2005 period. Home health-care aids will assist the elderly, disabled, and seriously ill in the patient’s home instead of a health facility. A large number of openings for this field is expected due to very rapid growth and high turnover. In fact, home health-care aids are expected to more than double in number by the end of 2005. Part of the reason for this increase is the growing population of elderly people. The number of people in their 70s and older is projected to rise substantially. This age group is characterized by mounting health problems that require assistance. There will also be an increasing reliance on home care for patients of all ages. This trend reflects several developments: Efforts to contain (抑制，控制) costs by moving patients out of hospitals and nursing facilities as quickly as possible; the realization that treatment can be more effective in familiar surroundings; and the development of portable medical equipment for in-home treatment. Turnover in this field is high, which is a reflection of the relatively low skill requirements, low pay, and high emotional demands of the work. Therefore, people who are interested in this work and properly suited for it should have excellent job opportunities, particularly those with previous experience. Physical therapy, too, is predicted to increase rapidly through 2005. A growing population of elderly people, who are vulnerable to chronic and debilitating (虚弱的) conditions, means that more therapeutic services will be needed. More young people will also need physical therapy as medical advances save the lives of a larger proportion of newborns with severe birth defects. Growth will also result from advances in medical technology that permit the treatment of more disabling conditions. In the past, for example, the development of hip and knee replacements for those with arthritis gave rise to employment for physical therapists to improve flexibility and strengthen weak muscles. The growing interest in health promotion should also increase the demand for physical therapy services. More employers are now evaluating work sites, developing exercise programs, and teaching safe work habits to employees in the hope of reducing injuries. A shortage of physical therapists that once existed has all but disappeared. The number of physical-therapy education programs has increased, and more graduates have moved into the labor force. Most graduates receive multiple job offers, and job prospects are expected to continue to be excellent. Physical therapists who are willing to work in rural areas will experience even better opportunities. The high turnover in the field of home health care reflects ______ .
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