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Passage Three Health-care services will account for almost one-fifth of all job growth during the 1996～2005 period. Home health-care aids will assist the elderly, disabled, and seriously ill in the patient’s home instead of a health facility. A large number of openings for this field is expected due to very rapid growth and high turnover. In fact, home health-care aids are expected to more than double in number by the end of 2005. Part of the reason for this increase is the growing population of elderly people. The number of people in their 70s and older is projected to rise substantially. This age group is characterized by mounting health problems that require assistance. There will also be an increasing reliance on home care for patients of all ages. This trend reflects several developments: Efforts to contain (抑制，控制) costs by moving patients out of hospitals and nursing facilities as quickly as possible; the realization that treatment can be more effective in familiar surroundings; and the development of portable medical equipment for in-home treatment. Turnover in this field is high, which is a reflection of the relatively low skill requirements, low pay, and high emotional demands of the work. Therefore, people who are interested in this work and properly suited for it should have excellent job opportunities, particularly those with previous experience. Physical therapy, too, is predicted to increase rapidly through 2005. A growing population of elderly people, who are vulnerable to chronic and debilitating (虚弱的) conditions, means that more therapeutic services will be needed. More young people will also need physical therapy as medical advances save the lives of a larger proportion of newborns with severe birth defects. Growth will also result from advances in medical technology that permit the treatment of more disabling conditions. In the past, for example, the development of hip and knee replacements for those with arthritis gave rise to employment for physical therapists to improve flexibility and strengthen weak muscles. The growing interest in health promotion should also increase the demand for physical therapy services. More employers are now evaluating work sites, developing exercise programs, and teaching safe work habits to employees in the hope of reducing injuries. A shortage of physical therapists that once existed has all but disappeared. The number of physical-therapy education programs has increased, and more graduates have moved into the labor force. Most graduates receive multiple job offers, and job prospects are expected to continue to be excellent. Physical therapists who are willing to work in rural areas will experience even better opportunities. The high turnover in the field of home health care reflects ______ .
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甲公司与乙公司约定，由甲公司向乙公司交付1吨药材，乙公司付款100万元。乙公司将药材转卖给丙公司，并约定由甲公司向丙公司交付，丙公司收货后3日内应向乙支付价款120万元。 张某以自有汽车为乙公司的债权提供抵押担保，未办理抵押登记。抵押合同约定：“在丙公司不付款时，乙公司有权就出卖该汽车的价款清偿自己的债权。”李某为这笔货款出具担保函：“在丙公司不付款时，由李某承担保证责任”。丙公司收到药材后未依约向乙公司支付120万元，乙公司向张某主张实现抵押权，同时要求李某承担保证责任。 张某见状，便将其汽车赠与刘某。刘某将该汽车作为出资，与钱某设立丁酒店有限责任公司，并办理完出资手续。 丁公司员工方某驾驶该车接送酒店客人时，为躲避一辆逆行摩托车，将行人赵某撞伤。方某自行决定以丁公司名义将该车放在戊公司维修，为获得维修费的八折优惠，方某以其名义在与戊公司相关的庚公司为该车购买一套全新坐垫。汽车修好后，方某将车取走交丁公司投入运营。戊公司要求丁公司支付维修费，否则对汽车行使留置权，丁公司回函请宽限一周。庚公司要求丁公司支付坐垫费，丁公司拒绝。请回答第(1)—(6)题。 关于对赵某的损害应承担侵权责任的主体，下列选项正确的是：
Passage Two When an invention is made, the inventor has three possible courses of action open to him: he can give the invention to the world by publishing it, keep the idea secret, or patent it. A granted patent is the result of a bargain made between an inventor and the state, by which the inventor gets a limited period of monopoly (垄断) and publishes full details of his invention to the public after that period terminates (终止). Only in most exceptional circumstances is the life-span of a patent extended to alter this normal process of events. The longest extension ever granted was to Georges Valensi: his 1939 patent for color TV receiver circuitry was extended until 1971 because for most of the patent’s normal life there was no color TV to receive and thus no hope of reward for the invention. Because a patent remains permanently public after it has terminated, the shelves of the library attached to the patent office contain details of literally millions of ideas that are free for anyone to use and, if older than half a century, sometimes even re-patent. Indeed, patent experts often advise anyone wishing to avoid the high cost of conducting a search through live patents that the one sure way of avoiding violation of any other inventor’s right is to plagiarize a dead patent. Likewise, because publication of an idea in any other form permanently invalidates (使无效) further patents on that idea, it is traditionally safe to take ideas from other areas of print. Much modern technological advance is based on these presumptions of legal security. Anyone closely involved in patents and inventions soon learns that most "new" ideas are, in fact, as old as the hills. It is their reduction to commercial practice, either through necessity of dedication, or through the availability of new technology, that makes news and money. The basic patent for the theory magnetic recording dates back to 1886. Many of the original ideas behind television originate from the late 19th and early 20th century. Even the Volkswagen rear engine car was anticipated by a 1904 patent of a cart with the horse at the rear. The passage is mainly about ______ .
某社区有近40名残疾人，为了更好地保障这些残疾人的权益，满足他们各方面的需求，社区居委会准备针对这些残疾人开展服务工作。
Passage One With the possible exception of equal rights, perhaps the most controversial issue across the United States today is the death penalty. Many argue that it is an effective deterrent (威慑) to murder, while others maintain there is no convincing evidence that the death penalty reduces the number of murders. The principal argument advanced by those opposed to the death penalty, basically, is that it is cruel and inhuman punishment, that it is the mark of a brutal society, and finally that it is of questionable effectiveness as a deterrent to crime anyway. In our opinion, the death penalty is a necessary evil. Throughout recorded history there have always been those extreme individuals in every society who were capable of terribly violent crimes such as murder. But some are more extreme than others. For example, it is one thing to take the life of another in a fit of blind rage, but quite another to coldly plot and carry out the murder of one or more people in the style of a butcher. Thus, murder, like all other crimes, is a matter of relative degree. While it could be argued with some conviction that the criminal in the first instance should be merely isolated from society, such should not be the fate of the latter type murderer. The value of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime may be open to debate. But the overwhelming majority of citizens believe that the death penalty protects them. Their belief is reinforced by evidence which shows that the death penalty deters murder. For example, from 1954 to 1963, when the death penalty was consistently imposed in California, the murder rate remained between three and four murders for each 100 000 population. Since 1964 the death penalty has been imposed only once, and the murder rate has risen to 10.4 murders for each 100 000 population. The sharp climb in the state’s murder rate, which began when executions stopped, is no coincidence (巧合). It is convincing evidence that the death penalty does deter many murderers. If the bill reestablishing the death penalty is vetoed (否决), innocent people will be murdered—some whose lives may have been saved if the death penalty were in effect. This is literally a life or death matter. The lives of thousands of innocent people must be protected. The author’s response to those who argue the death penalty for all degrees of murders would most likely be ______ .
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