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Weeping for My Smoking DaughterMy daughter smokes. While she is doing her homework, her feet on the bench in front of her and her calculator clicking out answers to her geometry problems, I am looking at the half-empty package of Camels tossed carelessly close at hand. ______ My heart feels terrible. I want to weep. In fact, I do weep a little, standing there by the stove holding one of the instruments, so white, so precisely rolled, that could cause my daughter's death. ______ She doesn't know this, but it was Camels that my father, her grandfather, smoked. But before he smoked cigarettes made by manufacturers—when he was very young and very poor, with glowing eyes—he smoked Prince Albert tobacco in cigarettes he rolled himself. ______ By the late forties and early fifties no one rolled his own anymore (and few women smoked) in my hometown of Eatonton,Georgia. ______ He never looked as fashionable as Prince Albert, though; he continued to look like a poor, overweight, hard-working colored man with too large a family, black, with a very white cigarette stuck in his mouth. I do not remember when he started to cough. Perhaps it was unnoticeable at first, a little coughing in the morning as he lit his first cigarette upon getting out of bed. ______ It was not unusual for him to cough for an hour. My father died from "the poor man's friend", pneumonia, one hard winter when his lung illnesses had left him low. I doubt he had much lung left at all, after coughing for so many years. He had so little breath that, during his last years, he was always leaning on something. ______ Near the very end of his life, and largely because he had no more lungs, he quit smoking. He gained a couple of pounds, but by then he was so slim that no one noticed. When I travel to Third World countries I see many people like my father and daughter. ______ In these poor countries, as in American inner cities and on reservations, money that should be spent for food goes instead to the tobacco companies; over time, people starve themselves of both food and air, effectively weakening and hooking their children, eventually killing themselves. I read in the newspaper and in my gardening magazine that the ends of cigarettes are so poisonous that if a baby swallows one, it is likely to die, and that the boiled water from a bunch of them makes an effective insecticide. There is a deep hurt that I feel as a mother. ______ I remember how carefully I ate when I was pregnant, how patiently I taught my daughter how to cross a street safely. For what, I sometimes wonder; so that she can struggle to breathe through most of her life feeling half her strength, and then die of self-poisoning, as her grandfather did? There is a quotation from a battered women's shelter that I especially like: "Peace on earth begins at home."______ I think of a quotation for people trying to stop smoking: "Every home is a no-smoking zone." Smoking is a form of self-battering that also batters those who must sit by, occasionally joke or complain, and helplessly watch. I realize now that as a child I sat by, through the years, and literally watched my father kill himself: ______

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Marriage Across NationsGail and I imagined a quiet wedding. During our two years together we had experienced the usual ups and downs of a couple learning to know, understand, and respect each other. ______ Our racial and cultural differences enhanced our relationship and taught us a great deal about tolerance, compromise, and being open with each other. Gail sometimes wondered why I and other blacks were so involved with the racial issue, and I was surprised that she seemed to forget the subtler forms of racial hatred in American society. Gail and I had no illusions about what the future held for us as a married, mixed couple in America. ______ We wanted to avoid the mistake made by many couples of marrying for the wrong reasons, and only finding out ten, twenty, or thirty years later that they were incompatible, that they hardly took the time to know each other, that they overlooked serious personality conflicts in the expectation that marriage was an automatic way to make everything work out right. ______ When Gail spread the news of our wedding plans to her family she met with some resistance. Her mother, Deborah, all along had been supportive of our relationship, and even joked about when we were going to get married so she could have grandchildren. ______ "So it was all right for me to date him, but it's wrong for me to marry him. Is his color the problem, Mom?" Gail subsequently told me she had asked her mother."To start with I must admit that at first I harbored reservations about a mixed marriage, prejudices you might even call them. But when I met Mark I found him a charming and intelligent young guy. Any mother would be proud to have him for a son-in-law. ______ Yes, my friends talk. Some even express shock at what you are doing. But they live in a different world. So you see, Mark's color is not the problem. ______ When we met I saw him as my beloved, intelligent, charming, and caring. It was all so new, all so exciting, and we both thought, on the surface at least, that ours was an ideal marriage with every indication that it would last forever. I realized only later that I didn't know my beloved, your father, very well when we married.""But Mark and I have been together more than two years," Gail railed. "We've been through so much together. We've seen each other at our worst many times. ______ " "You may be right. But I still think that waiting won't hurt. You're only twenty-five." Gail's father, David, whom I had not yet met personally, approached our decision with a father-knows-best attitude. He basically asked the same questions as Gail's mother: "Why the haste? Who is this Mark? What's his citizenship status?" ______ "But Dad, that's harsh," Gail said. "Then why the rush?" he asked repeatedly. "Mark has had problems with citizenship before and has always taken care of them himself," Gail defended. " ______ " Her father proceeded to quote statistics showing that mixed couples had higher divorce rates than couples of the same race and gave examples of mixed couples he had counseled who were having marital difficulties. "Have you thought about the hardships your children could go through?" he asked. "Dad, are you a racist?" "No, of course not. But you have to be realistic." "Maybe our children will have some problems, but whose children don't? But one thing they'll always have: our love and devotion." "That's idealistic. People can be very cruel toward children from mixed marriages." "Dad, we'll worry about that when the time comes. ______ " "Remember, it's never too late to change your mind."

Time-Conscious AmericansAmericans believe no one stands still. ______ This attitude results in a nation of people committed to researching, experimenting and exploring. Time is one of the two elements that Americans save carefully, the other being labor."We are slaves to nothing but the clock," it has been said. Time is treated as if it were something almost real. We budget it, save it, waste it, steal it, kill it, cut it, account for it; we also charge for it. It is a precious resource. Many people have a rather acute sense of the shortness of each lifetime. ______ We want every minute to count.A foreigner's first impression of theUSis likely to be that everyone is in a rush—often under pressure. City people always appear to be hurrying to get where they are going, restlessly seeking attention in a store, or elbowing others as they try to complete their shopping. ______ Working time is considered precious. Others in public eating-places are waiting for you to finish so they, too, can be served and get back to work within the time allowed. You also find drivers will be abrupt and people will push past you. You will miss smiles, brief conversations, and small exchanges with strangers.______ This is because people value time highly, and they resent someone else "wasting" it beyond a certain appropriate point.Many new arrivals in the States will miss the opening exchanges of a business call, for example. They will miss the ritual interaction that goes with a welcoming cup of tea or coffee that may be a convention in their own country. They may miss leisurely business chats in a restaurant or coffee house. Normally, Americans do not assess their visitors in such relaxed surroundings over extended small talk; much less do they take them out for dinner, or around on the golf course while they develop a sense of trust. ______ Time is, therefore, always ticking in our inner ear.Consequently, we work hard at the task of saving time. We produce a steady flow of labor-saving devices; we communicate rapidly through faxes, phone calls or emails rather than through personal contacts, which though pleasant, take longer—especially given our traffic-filled streets. ______ To us the impersonality of electronic communication has little or no relation to the significance of the matter at hand. In some countries no major business is conducted without eye contact, requiring face-to-face conversation. ______ However, people are meeting increasingly on television screens, conducting "teleconferences" to settle problems not only in this country but also—by satellite—internationally.TheUSis definitely a telephone country. Almost everyone uses the telephone to conduct business, to chat with friends, to make or break social appointments, to say "Thank you", to shop and to obtain all kinds of information. ______ This is due partly to the fact that the telephone service is superb here, whereas the postal service is less efficient.Some new arrivals will come from cultures where it is considered impolite to work too quickly.______ Assignments are, consequently, given added weight by the passage of time. In theUS, however, it is taken as a sign of skillfulness or being competent to solve a problem, or fulfill a job successfully, with speed.______

一、必背单词及与其关联的词和词组。1. ______ v. 乱扔 n. 垃圾; 废弃物→ ______ (近义词) → ______ 乱扔垃圾2. ______ n. 底部; 最下部→ ______ (反义词) n. 顶部;最上部→ ______ 在……底部3.______ n. 渔民;钓鱼的人→ ______ (复数)4. ______ n. 煤;煤块5. ______ adj. 丑陋的;难看的6. ______ n. 优点;有利条件→ ______ _ (反义词)n. 缺点;劣势;不利条件7. ______ v. 花费n. 花费;价钱→______ (过去式及过去分词)8. ______ adj. 木制的;木头的→ ______ (名词)木头9. ______ adj. 塑料的 n. 塑料;塑胶10. ______ n. 外卖食物 11. ______ n. 垃圾箱12. ______ adj. 残忍的,残酷的13. ______ adj. 有害的→______ n. 伤害;损害→ ______ 对……有害14. ______ n. 工业;行业15. ______ n. 法律;法规→ ______ n. 律师16. ______ adj. 科学上的;科学的→______ n. 科学→ ______ n. 科学家17. ______ n. 鲨鱼 18. ______ n.(鱼)鳍19. ______ n. 链子;链条20. ______ n. 生态系统21. ______ v. 承担得起;买得起→ ______ 承担得起做某事22.______ adj. 可重复使用的;可再次使用的23.______ n. 运输业;交通运输24. ______ v. 回收利用,再利用→ ______ (现在分词)→ ______ v. 循环25.______ n. 餐巾;餐巾纸26. ______ n. 大门 27. ______ n. 瓶子28. ______ n. 主席,总统29.______ n. 作品→ ______ v. 工作30. ______ n. 金属31.______ n. 灵感;鼓舞人心的人(或事物)32. ______ n. 铁33. ______ n. 创造力;独创性

用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1. The party ended up______ (sing)a birthday song. 2. Mom, the T-shirt on me looks a little______ (embarrass). Can I change for another one? 3. Mr. Brown and his wife got______ ( marry) 20 years ago. 4. Do you know the______ (end)of the story? 5. The heavy rain is______ ( cross) the whole country.6. Every coin has two sides. My bad luck has______ ( unexpected) turned into a good thing.7.We should protect the endangered wild animals, or they will______ ( appear) in the near future.

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