Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened (31) . As was discussed before, it was not (32) the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic (33) , following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the (34) of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution (35) up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading (36) through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures (37) the 20th-century world of the motor car and the airplane. Not everyone sees that process in (38) . It is important to do so. It is generally recognized, (39) , that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, (40) by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process, (41) its impact on the media was not immediately (42) . As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became "personal" too, as well as (43) , with display becoming sharper and storage (44) increasing. They were thought of, like people, (45) generations, with the distance between generations much (46) . It was within the computer age that the term "information society" began to be widely used to describe the (47) within which we now live. The communications revolution has (48) both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but there have been (49) views about its economic, political, social and cultural implications. "Benefits" have been weighed (50) "harmful" outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult.
A. context
B. range
C. scope
D. territory
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Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage. According to the passage, why do many fish stay in groups
A. It helps improve their safety.
B. It allows them to swim faster.
C. It helps them fight their predators.
D. It allows them to avoid twists and turns.
There are many types of reports. A report is simply (56) of something that has happened. The commonest are (57) We get them in newspapers, over radio and (58) television. Sometimes (59) also show us newstreel. The main purpose of a newspaper (60) provide news. If you (61) a newspaper closely, you will find that there are all types of news. accidents, floods, fires, wars, sports, books, etc. The news (62) everything that (63) to people and their surroundings. Sometimes there are news items which are very (64) The big (65) bold words above the news items (66) headlines. Their purpose is to (67) attention so that people will buy the newspaper because they want to read (68) of the news. A news report is usually very short, (69) when it is about something very important, but it (70) a lot of information. It is also (71) in short paragraphs. The first paragraph is in (72) a summary of the news item. It gives all the necessary information: what, when, where, how, why. The other paragraphs give (73) of the subject. There may also be interviews (74) people. The words actually spoken by them are within inverted commas. Often there are photographs to go (75) the news to make it more interesting.
A. or
B. as well
C. both
D. also
There are many types of reports. A report is simply (56) of something that has happened. The commonest are (57) We get them in newspapers, over radio and (58) television. Sometimes (59) also show us newstreel. The main purpose of a newspaper (60) provide news. If you (61) a newspaper closely, you will find that there are all types of news. accidents, floods, fires, wars, sports, books, etc. The news (62) everything that (63) to people and their surroundings. Sometimes there are news items which are very (64) The big (65) bold words above the news items (66) headlines. Their purpose is to (67) attention so that people will buy the newspaper because they want to read (68) of the news. A news report is usually very short, (69) when it is about something very important, but it (70) a lot of information. It is also (71) in short paragraphs. The first paragraph is in (72) a summary of the news item. It gives all the necessary information: what, when, where, how, why. The other paragraphs give (73) of the subject. There may also be interviews (74) people. The words actually spoken by them are within inverted commas. Often there are photographs to go (75) the news to make it more interesting.
A. is to
B. is
C. is to have
D. is to be
Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage. What is unusual about the island of Martha’s Vineyard
A. It was settled more than 300 years ago.
B. Alexander Graham Bell visited there.
C. A large number of its residents were deaf.
D. Each family living there had many children.