Question 6At the end of the exam, the instructor picks up the tall stack of exam papers and walks out the door with the rest of the class. Outside, a gust of wind catches some of the exam papers and they begin to blow away but none of the onlooking students try to help catch them. What is the name of the situational factor that describes the students' behaviour?
A. Expectancy effect
B. Observer effect
C. Bystander effect
D. Social conformity effect
E. False consensus effect
Question 5Which of the following is not an example of a one-sided event? 以下哪个例子没有说明片面事件？
A. "The item I purchase always goes on sale the day after I buy it." 我一买东西第二天它就降价
B. "I usually need something just after I've thrown it away."我刚扔了一样东西就发现我需要它
C. "It always rains right after you wash the car." 你一洗车天就下雨
D. "You win some, you lose some." 有得必有失
E. "The bus always seems to be heading in the wrong direction." 公车似乎总是正走着错误的方向
Question 8Susan Blackmore discussed a variety of methods that she used to test extraordinary claims with tight experimental control, but were as close to the "real world" as much as possible. When she tested the validity of out-of-body experiences, how did she make sure that the person who reported the experience could in fact leave their body and travel the world?Susan Blackmore讨论了一系列她所做过的超自然声明的测试，这些测试处于严格实验控制，尽可能的接近“真实世界”。当她测试灵魂出窍经历的有效性的时候，她如何确认宣称这些经验的人真的灵魂出窍并且周游世界？
A. She put people into the right frame of mind, and asked people pick their own tarot reading out of ten possibilities. 她要求人们集中思想，从十种可能性中挑出自己的塔罗牌解读。
B. The person who reported the out-of-body experience could correctly identify the ingredients that Susan used in her apple crumble. 宣称有灵魂出窍经历的人能正确的判断出Susan在奶油甜脆苹果饼中使用的配料。
C. She would put them in a ganzfeld, ask them to relax, present white noise, blind them, and ask them to imagine things 她会把他们带入一个感觉剥夺实验，要求他们放松，放一些白噪音，蒙住眼睛，让他们想象一些事情。.
D. She asked people to identify a five digit number, a word, and a small object hanging on her wall. 她要求人们"出窍时"确认她挂在家里墙上的一个五位数、一个单词和一个小物件。
E. She asked people to float outside their body, look in the window at Susan's house, and correctly guess what she was doing on that particular evening.她要求人们漂浮出身体，向她家的窗户里看，正确的猜到她某天晚上在做什么。
Question 4We talked about cancer clusters, especially at the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) studios in Brisbane, and we mentioned that there were several cognitive processes involved. Which of the following did we not mention in this case?
A. regression toward the mean
B. an illusory correlation
C. finding patterns in noise
D. the availability cascade
E. the availability heuristic
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