题目内容
An immediate consequence of Eastman's invention was a number of amateur (业余的) photographs that soon became known as snapshots. The word was borrowed from hunters' jargon. When a hunter fired a gun from the hip, without taking careful aim, it was described as a snapshot. Photographers referred to the process of taking pictures as shooting, and they would take pride in a good day's shoot the way country gentlemen would boast about the number of birds brought down in an afternoon.
The Kodak made photography not easy but fun. Almost overnight photography became one of the world's most popular hobbies. A new and ubiquitous(普遍存在的) folk art was born; the showing of one's latest pictures and the creation of family albums became popular social pastimes. Camera clubs and associations numbered their members in the millions. One amateur was the French novelist Emile Zola, who took innumerable photographs of his family, friends, and travels. Interviewed about his favorite hobby in 1900, he observed, "In my opinion you cannot say you have thoroughly seen anything until you have got a photograph of it."
"The little black box," as the Kodak was affectionately dubbed, revolutionized the way people communicated. "A picture is worth a thousand words" was the claim and there were literally billions of pictures. In one year alone--1988, the centenary of the invention of the Kodak--it is estimated that close to thirty billion pictures were taken worldwide. Haft of these, fifteen billion, were taken in the United States alone. The impact of the sale of photographic equipment on the economy is equally incredible.
Photography has played an essential role in the media revolution. It has vastly enhanced our ability to convey information, so that the concept of the global village has become a commonplace. Photographs have immeasurably extended our understanding of and compassion for our fellow human beings.
Did Mr. Eastman have the faintest idea of the power residing in his "little black box" ？
What is the underlying significance of the invention of the Kodak？
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What was NOT included in the magazine Tattler？
When you want to take the next step towards success, you should ______.
听力原文：W: Have you finished the assignments of Pro. Li's last class？
M: As soon as I went back home. that idea evaporated from my memory. I only hope Pro. Li would forget that thing.
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10 Ways to Instantly Build Self-Confidence
Serf-confidence is the difference between feeling unstoppable and feeling scared out of your wits. Your perception of yourself has an enormous impact on how others perceive you. Perception is reality--the more self-confidence you have, the more likely you'll succeed.
Although many of the factors affecting self-confidence are beyond your control, there are a number of things you can consciously do to build self-confidence. By using these 10 strategies you can get the mental edge you need to reach your potential.
1. Dress Sharp
Although clothes don't make the man, they certainly affect the way he feels about himself. No one is more conscious of your physical appearance than you are. When you don't look good, it changes the way you carry yourself and interact with other people. Use this to your advantage by taking care of your personal appearance. In most cases, significant improvements can be made by bathing and shaving frequently, wearing clean clothes, and being aware of the latest styles.
This doesn't mean you need to spend a lot on clothes. One great rule to follow is "spend twice as much, buy haft as much". Rather than buying a bunch of cheap clothes, buy half as many select, high quality items. In long run this decreases spending because expensive clothes wear out less easily and stay in style. longer than cheap clothes. Buying less also helps reduce the clutter(混乱)in your closet.
2. Walk Faster
One of the easiest ways to tell how a person feels about herself is to examine her walk. Is it slow？ Tired？ Painful？ Or is it energetic and purposeful？ People with confidence walk quickly. They have places to go, people to see, and important work to do. Even if you aren't in a hurry, you can increase your self-confidence by putting some pep(活力) in your step. Walking 25% faster will make you look and feel more important.
3. Good Posture
Similarly, the way a person carries herself tells a story. People with slumped shoulders and lethargic (无精打采的) movements display a lack of self-confidence. They aren't enthusiastic about what they're doing and they don't consider themselves important. By practicing good posture, you'll automatically feel more confident. Stand up straight, keep your head up, and make eye contact. You'll make a positive impression on others and instantly feel more alert and empowered.
4. Personal Commercial
One of the best ways to build confidence is listening to a motivational speech. Unfortunately, opportunities to listen to a great speaker arc few and far between. You can fill tiffs need by creating a personal commercial. Write a 30 - 60 second speech that highlights your strengths and goals. Then recite it in front of the mirror aloud (or inside your head if you prefer) whenever you need a confidence boost.
5. Gratitude
When you focus too much on what you want, the mind creates reasons why you can't have it. This leads you to dwell on your weaknesses. The best way to avoid this is consciously focusing on gratitude. Set aside time each day to mentally list everything you have to be grateful for. Recall your past successes, unique skills, loving relationships, and positive momentum. You'll be amazed how much you have going for you and motivated to take the next step towards success.
6. Compliment other people
When we think negatively about ourselves, we often project that feeling on to others in the form. of insults and gossip. To break this cycle of negativity, get in the habit of praising other people. Refuse to engage in backstabbing(陷害)gossip and make an effort to compliment those around you. In the process, you'll become well liked and build self-confidence. By looking for the best in others, you indirectly bring out the best in yourself.
7. Sit in the front row
In schools, offices, and public as
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