题目内容
In order to comprehend the (31) realities of labor market discrimination (32) females, it is (33) to understand both its function and its origins. Functionally, labor market segmentation (34) a number of purposes. It provides a (35) labor supply to accommodate the anarchy of the market while reducing the risks to capital; it divides labor into antagonistic groups based on pre-existing social divisions, (36) prevents the recognition of the common conflict of all labor with employers; it allows employers to divide (37) the market and pay the (38) necessary price for each group of workers (just as the airlines divide up the (39) market among business travelers, youth, families, pensioners, vacationers, et cetera, so as to extract the (40) price from each group); and it provides the employer (41) different sets of labor characteristics that are required by (42) types and levels of operation. The origin of this labor market segmen- tation (43) in the transition from the household form of production, with its (44) division of labor, which recognizes power of the family, (45) the industrial capitalist form of production. Women as a group have never totally escaped from household production, (46) economically socially. The result is the relegation of women to those unskilled (in the sense of marketable credentials) jobs (47) that are a market extension of home production or, given to low productivity of homework, to the emerging labor intensive occupations that rely on low wages, such as clerical work. The women’s role in reproduction has also encouraged a broken pattern of labor market participation that has traditionally blocked (48) to employers to the class struggle put up primarily by male workers (49) the degradation of work under industrial capitalism, which (50) the capture of high-productivity, high-wage jobs for the primary male work.
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In the People’s Republic of China the odd prequake behavior of horses and other animals has been used successfully to warn people that earthquakes are about to occur. Recently, a group of American geologists and geophysicists visited China and listened with great interest to scientists there who explained how they have been able to predict many earthquakes in the past three years. The American scientists compared the influence of the unique Chinese program with the influence of Chinese acupuncture on Western medicine. The Chinese scientists use modern electronic equipment--but they also monitor strange signals such as various ground noises, the fluctuation of well water levels, and the strange behavior of animals. The results are quite interesting. Chinese earthquake experts, for example, successfully predicted two magnitude 6.9 quakes near the China-Burma border on May 29, 1976. The earthquake experts say that their predictions have been so precise that they were able to remove many of their people before an earthquake occurred, thus saving thousands of lives. On the other hand, the Chinese experts also admit that there have been some false alarms. In the most intensive effort on earth to predict earthquakes, an army of Chinese professional and amateur quake watchers is organized to obtain daily information about ground movements wherever a major tremor is anticipated. The volunteer observation teams use electronic instruments and listen for earthquake warning signals that have been described in old records. According to these historical records, farmers had known that something was very wrong in the earth beneath them whenever horses reared and raced, dogs howled, and fish leaped. Also animals such as snakes and rats that people saw rarely, suddenly came out of their hiding places by the dozen. Some records said that sounds like thunder could be heard coming from the ground in the days and hours just before an earthquake. In some cases, swimmers could hear underwater sounds that people on land did not hear. Also, clear well water usually became muddy and the water levels of the wells changed. The Chinese methods of prediction are probably based on intuition and experience with many major earthquakes. Three thousand years of historical records show that China suffered its greatest natural disaster when earthquake in 1556 killed more than 820,000 people. At present, China averages six quakes of at least 6.0 on the Richter scale each year, whereas the United States averages two or three per year, mainly in the Aleutian Islands of Alaska. American scientists have heard stories of unusual prequake animal behavior before, but they never took them too seriously until their recent visit to China. "Maybe there’s something to it," said Jack Everndon, a California earthquake expert, "We need some kind of short term warning. We need something." He didn’t mention the kind of research he may be considering. "Some of us are thinking it’s worthwhile enough to give a serious look," he commented. "Two years ago, we wouldn’t have said that.\ What is the main idea of this passage
In order to comprehend the (31) realities of labor market discrimination (32) females, it is (33) to understand both its function and its origins. Functionally, labor market segmentation (34) a number of purposes. It provides a (35) labor supply to accommodate the anarchy of the market while reducing the risks to capital; it divides labor into antagonistic groups based on pre-existing social divisions, (36) prevents the recognition of the common conflict of all labor with employers; it allows employers to divide (37) the market and pay the (38) necessary price for each group of workers (just as the airlines divide up the (39) market among business travelers, youth, families, pensioners, vacationers, et cetera, so as to extract the (40) price from each group); and it provides the employer (41) different sets of labor characteristics that are required by (42) types and levels of operation. The origin of this labor market segmen- tation (43) in the transition from the household form of production, with its (44) division of labor, which recognizes power of the family, (45) the industrial capitalist form of production. Women as a group have never totally escaped from household production, (46) economically socially. The result is the relegation of women to those unskilled (in the sense of marketable credentials) jobs (47) that are a market extension of home production or, given to low productivity of homework, to the emerging labor intensive occupations that rely on low wages, such as clerical work. The women’s role in reproduction has also encouraged a broken pattern of labor market participation that has traditionally blocked (48) to employers to the class struggle put up primarily by male workers (49) the degradation of work under industrial capitalism, which (50) the capture of high-productivity, high-wage jobs for the primary male work.
M: Hi, Ms. Rowling. How old were you when you started to write, and what was your first bookW: I wrote my first finished story when I was about 6. It was about a small animal, a rabbit I mean, and I’ve been writing ever since.M: Why did you choose to be an authorW: If someone asked me how to achieve happiness, step one would be finding out what you love doing most and step two would be finding someone to pay you to do it. I consider myself very lucky indeed to be able to support myself by writing.M: Do you have any plans to write books for adultsW: My first two novels were for adults. I suppose I might write another one, hut I never really imagine a target audience when I’m writing. The ideas come first, so it really depends on the idea that grabs me next!M: Where did the ideas for the Harry Potter books come fromW: I’ve no idea where the ideas come from and I hope I never find out, it would spoil my excitement if it turned out I just have a funny little wrinkle on the surface of my brain which makes me think about invisible train platforms.M: How do you come up with the names of your charactersW: I invented some of the names in the Harry books, but I also collect strange names. I’ve gotten them from medieval saints, maps, dictionaries, plants, war memorials, and people I’ve met !M: Oh, you are really resourceful. Why does Ms. Rowling consider herself very lucky().
Historically, humans get serious about avoiding disasters only after one has just struck them. (21) that logic, 2006 should have been a breakthrough year for rational behavior. With the memory of 9/11 still (22) in their minds, Americans watched hurricane Katrina, the most expensive disaster in U.S. history, on (23) TV. Anyone who didn’t know it before should have learned that bad things can happen. And they are made (24) worse by our willful blindness to risk as much as our (25) to work together before everything goes to hell.Granted, some amount of delusion (错觉) is probably part of the (26) condition. In A.D. 63, Pompeii was seriously damaged by an earthquake, and the locals immediately went to work (27) , in the same spot—until they were buried altogether by a volcano eruption 16 years later. But a (28) of the past year in disaster history suggests that modern Americans are particularly bad at (29) themselves from guaranteed threats. We know more than we (30) did about the dangers we face. But it turns (31) that in times of crisis, our greatest enemy is (32) the storm, the quake or the (33) itself. More often, it is ourselves.So what has happened in the year that (34) the disaster on the Gulf Coast In New Orleans, the Army Corps of Engineers has worked day and night to rebuild the flood walls. They have got the walls to (35) they were before Katrina, more or less. That’s not (36) , we can now say with confidence. But it may be all (37) can be expected from one year of hustle (忙碌).Meanwhile, New Orleans officials have crafted a plan to use buses and trains to (38) the sick and the disabled. The city estimates that 15, 000 people will need a (39) out. However, state officials have not yet determined where these people will be taken. The (40) with neighboring communities are ongoing and difficult. 24().
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