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In order to comprehend the (31) realities of labor market discrimination (32) females, it is (33) to understand both its function and its origins. Functionally, labor market segmentation (34) a number of purposes. It provides a (35) labor supply to accommodate the anarchy of the market while reducing the risks to capital; it divides labor into antagonistic groups based on pre-existing social divisions, (36) prevents the recognition of the common conflict of all labor with employers; it allows employers to divide (37) the market and pay the (38) necessary price for each group of workers (just as the airlines divide up the (39) market among business travelers, youth, families, pensioners, vacationers, et cetera, so as to extract the (40) price from each group); and it provides the employer (41) different sets of labor characteristics that are required by (42) types and levels of operation. The origin of this labor market segmen- tation (43) in the transition from the household form of production, with its (44) division of labor, which recognizes power of the family, (45) the industrial capitalist form of production. Women as a group have never totally escaped from household production, (46) economically socially. The result is the relegation of women to those unskilled (in the sense of marketable credentials) jobs (47) that are a market extension of home production or, given to low productivity of homework, to the emerging labor intensive occupations that rely on low wages, such as clerical work. The women’s role in reproduction has also encouraged a broken pattern of labor market participation that has traditionally blocked (48) to employers to the class struggle put up primarily by male workers (49) the degradation of work under industrial capitalism, which (50) the capture of high-productivity, high-wage jobs for the primary male work.

A. that
B. which
C. whose
D. who

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M: Hi, Ms. Rowling. How old were you when you started to write, and what was your first bookW: I wrote my first finished story when I was about 6. It was about a small animal, a rabbit I mean, and I’ve been writing ever since.M: Why did you choose to be an authorW: If someone asked me how to achieve happiness, step one would be finding out what you love doing most and step two would be finding someone to pay you to do it. I consider myself very lucky indeed to be able to support myself by writing.M: Do you have any plans to write books for adultsW: My first two novels were for adults. I suppose I might write another one, hut I never really imagine a target audience when I’m writing. The ideas come first, so it really depends on the idea that grabs me next!M: Where did the ideas for the Harry Potter books come fromW: I’ve no idea where the ideas come from and I hope I never find out, it would spoil my excitement if it turned out I just have a funny little wrinkle on the surface of my brain which makes me think about invisible train platforms.M: How do you come up with the names of your charactersW: I invented some of the names in the Harry books, but I also collect strange names. I’ve gotten them from medieval saints, maps, dictionaries, plants, war memorials, and people I’ve met !M: Oh, you are really resourceful. Why does Ms. Rowling consider herself very lucky().

A. She knows how to write best-selling novels.
B. She can earn a lot of money by writing for adults.
C. She is able to win enough support from publishers.
D. She can make a living by doing what she likes.

Historically, humans get serious about avoiding disasters only after one has just struck them. (21) that logic, 2006 should have been a breakthrough year for rational behavior. With the memory of 9/11 still (22) in their minds, Americans watched hurricane Katrina, the most expensive disaster in U.S. history, on (23) TV. Anyone who didn’t know it before should have learned that bad things can happen. And they are made (24) worse by our willful blindness to risk as much as our (25) to work together before everything goes to hell.Granted, some amount of delusion (错觉) is probably part of the (26) condition. In A.D. 63, Pompeii was seriously damaged by an earthquake, and the locals immediately went to work (27) , in the same spot—until they were buried altogether by a volcano eruption 16 years later. But a (28) of the past year in disaster history suggests that modern Americans are particularly bad at (29) themselves from guaranteed threats. We know more than we (30) did about the dangers we face. But it turns (31) that in times of crisis, our greatest enemy is (32) the storm, the quake or the (33) itself. More often, it is ourselves.So what has happened in the year that (34) the disaster on the Gulf Coast In New Orleans, the Army Corps of Engineers has worked day and night to rebuild the flood walls. They have got the walls to (35) they were before Katrina, more or less. That’s not (36) , we can now say with confidence. But it may be all (37) can be expected from one year of hustle (忙碌).Meanwhile, New Orleans officials have crafted a plan to use buses and trains to (38) the sick and the disabled. The city estimates that 15, 000 people will need a (39) out. However, state officials have not yet determined where these people will be taken. The (40) with neighboring communities are ongoing and difficult. 24().

A. little
B. less
C. more
D. much

Everyone has a moment in history which belongs particularly to him. It is the moment when his emotions achieve their most powerful sway over him, and afterward when you say to this person "the world today" or "life" or "reality", he will assume that you mean this moment, even if it is fifty years past. The world, through his unleashed emotions, imprinted itself upon him, and he carries the stamp of that passing moment forever. For me, this moment—four years in a moment in history—was the war. The war was and is reality for me. I still instinctively live and think in its atmosphere. These are some of its characteristics: Franklin Delano Roosevelt is the President of the United States, and he always has been. The other two eternal world leaders are Winston Churchill and Joseph Stalin. America is not, never has been, and never will be what the songs and poems call it, a land of plenty. Nylon, meat, gasoline and steel are rare. There are too many jobs and not enough workers. Money is very easy to earn but rather hard to spend, because there isn’t very much to buy. Trains are always late and always crowded with "service men". The war will always be fought very far from America, and it will never end. Nothing in America stands still for very long, including the people who are always either leaving or on leave. People in America cry often. Sixteen is the key and crucial natural age for a human being to be, and people of all other ages are ranged in an orderly manner ahead of and behind you as a harmonious setting for the sixteen year olds of the world. When you are sixteen, adults are slightly impressed and almost intimidated by you. This is a puzzle finally solved by the realization that they foresee your military future: fighting for them. You do not foresee it. To waste anything in America is immoral. String and tinfoil are treasures. Newspapers are always crowded with strange maps and names of towns, and every few months the earth seems to lurch from its path when you see something in the newspapers, such as the time Mussolini, who almost seemed one of the eternal leaders, is photographed hanging upside down on a meathook. Which statement is not supported in the first paragraph

A. Some moments last forever.
B. Each person has his own reality.
C. Reality is converted to emotion.
D. All men are brothers.

Obtaining good health insurance is a real necessity while you are studying overseas. It protects you from minor and major medical expenses that can wipe out not only your savings but your dreams of an education abroad. There are often two different types of health insurance you can consider buying, international travel insurance and student insurance in the country where you will be going.An international travel insurance policy is usually purchased in your home country before you go abroad. It generally covers a wide variety of medical services and you are often given a list of doctors in the area where you will travel who may even speak your native language. The drawback might be that you may not get your money back immediately, in other words, you may have to pay all your medical expenses and then later submit your receipts to the insurance company.On the other hand, getting student health insurance in the country where you will study might allow you to only pay a certain percentage of the medical cost at the time of service and thus you don’t have to have sufficient cash to pay the entire bill at once. Whatever you decide, obtaining some form of health insurance is something you should consider before you go overseas. You shouldn’t wait until you are sick with major medical bills to pay off. What is the drawback of students buying international travel insurance().

A. They can’t immediately get back the money paid for their medical cost.
B. They have to go through very complicated application procedures.
C. They can only visit doctors who speak their native languages.
D. They may not be able to receive timely medical treatment.

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