Which three of the nine planetary boundaries had already been transgressed in the original publication of planetary boundaries?(Please choose all that apply)
A. Climate change
B. Ocean acidification
C. Stratospheric ozone depletion
D. Nitrogen and phosphorus cycles
E. Freshwater use
F. Land use
G. Biodiversity loss
H. Aerosol loading
I. Chemical pollution
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Which two of the nine planetary boundaries have not been quantified yet?(Please select one answer)
A. Freshwater use and land use
B. Aerosol loading and chemical pollution
C. Ozone depletion and biodiversity loss
How have the boundary values of the nine planetary boundaries been determined?(Please select one answer)
A. Using data on historical trends for each process
B. Applying current knowledge of Earth system processes and development trajectories
C. Using global models for assessments of potential futures
D. All of the above
As part of the scientific basis for the planetary boundaries framework, what dynamic behaviour is assumed to characterise Earth system processes?(Please select one answer)
All processes are assumed to follow linear relationships when influential parameters are changed
B. All processes are assumed to remain unaffected when influential parameters are changed
C. All processes are assumed to have thresholds or "tipping points"
How have the nine planetary boundaries been chosen?(Please select one answer)
A. Results of a public consultation to define the best measures that describe the biophysical state of the Earth system
B. Outputs of complex global models and simulations that assess which measures of environmental change have shown the greatest change in the last 10,000 years
C. A multi-expert assessment of environmental processes where human-caused changes are known to have the potential to shift the Earth system into a different global state
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