The Smog (烟雾) For over a month, Indonesia was in crisis. Forest fires raged out of control as the country suffered its worst drought for 50 years. Smoke from the fires mixed with sunlight and hot dry air to form a cloud of smog. This pollution quickly spread and within days it was hanging over neighbouring countries including Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. When the smoke combined with pollution from factories and cars, it soon became poisonous (有毒的). Dangerous amounts of CO became trapped under the smog and pollution levels rose. People wheezed (喘息) and coughed as they left the house and their eyes watered immediately. The smog made it impossible to see across streets and whole cities disappeared as grey soot (烟灰) covered everything. In some areas, water was hosed (用胶管浇) from high-rise city buildings to try and break up the smog. Finally, heavy rains, which came in November. Put out the fires and clear the air. But the environmental costs and health problems will remain Many people from South-Eastern Asian cities already suffer from breathing huge amounts of car exhaust fumes (汽车排放的废气) and factory pollution. Breathing problems could well increase and many non-sufferers may have difficulties for the first time. Wildlife has suffered too. In lowland forests, elephants, deer, and tigers have been driven out of their homes by smog. But smog is not just an Asian problem. In fact, the word was first used in London in 1905 to describe the mixture of smoke and thick fog. Fog often hung over the capital. Sometimes the smog was so thick and poisonous that people were killed by breathing problems or in accidents. About 4,000 Londoners died within five days as a result of thick smog in 1952. Indonesia was in crisis because of the drought.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
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Benefited or Hurt For the most part, it seems, workers in rich countries have little to fear from globalization, and a lot to gain. But is the same thing true for workers in poor countries The answer is that they are even more likely than their rich country counterparts to benefit, because they have less to lose and more to gain. Orthodox economics takes an optimistic line on integration and the developing countries. Openness to foreign trade and investment should encourage capital to flow to poor economies. In the developing world, capital is scarce, so the returns on investment there should be higher than in the industrialized countries, where the best opportunities to make money by adding capital to labor have already been used up. If pool countries lower their barriers to trade and investment, the theory goes: rich foreigners will want to send over some of their capital. If this inflow of resources arrives in the form of loans or portfolio investment, it will supplement domestic savings and loosen the financial constraint on additional investment by local companies. If it arrives in the form of new foreign controlled operations, FDI, so much the better: this kind of capital brings technology and skills from abroad packaged along with it, with less financial risk as well. In either case, the addition to investment ought to push incomes up, partly by raising the demand for labor and partly by making labor more productive. This why workers in FDI receiving countries should be in an even better position to profit from integration than workers in FDI sending countries. Also, with or without inflows of foreign capital, the same static and dynamic gains from trade should apply in developing countries as in rich ones. This gain from trade logic often arouses suspicion, because the benefits seem to come from nowhere. Surely one side or the other must lose. Not so. The benefits that a rich country gets though trade do not come at the expense of its poor country trading partners, or vice versa. Recall that according to the theory, trade is a positive sum game. In all these transactions, sides exporters and importers, borrowers and lenders, shareholders and workers can gain. Which can be the most appropriate title for this passage
A. Benefited or Hurt
B. Who Benefits the Most
C. Grinding the Poor
D. The Inflow of Resources
下列关于基础构件配筋的要求,其中何项是不正确的
A. 柱下条形基础的底部通长钢筋不应少于底部受力钢筋截面总面积的1/3
B. 按基底反力直线分布计算的梁板式筏基,其底板上下贯通钢筋的配筋率不应小于0.15%
C. 按基底反力直线分布计算的平板式筏基,其柱下板带和跨中板带的底部支座钢筋应有不少于1/3贯通全跨
D. 预制桩当采用锤击沉桩的施工方法时,最小配筋率不宜小于0.6%
下列关于基础构件混凝土强度等级的要求,其中何项是不正确的
A. 灌注桩桩身混凝土强度等级不得低于C25
B. 钢筋混凝土柱下独立基础的混凝土强度等级不应低于C20
C. 扩展基础的垫层混凝土强度等级不应低于C15
D. 高层建筑筏形基础的混凝土强度等级不应低于C30
试问,在抗震设防地区的下列四类房屋中,其中何项需要进行天然地基及基础的抗震承载力验算
A. 抗震设防烈度为7度,地基各土层承载力特征值均大于80kPa,8层且高度为24m的框架住宅
B. 地基主要受力层范围内不存在软弱黏性土层的单层厂房
C. 地基主要受力层范围内不存在软弱黏性土层的7层砌体房屋
D. 抗震等级为6度的乙类建筑