When was the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) founded, and why?(Please select one answer)
A. In 2010, in response to the publication of Rockström et al. 2009 to provide scientific knowledge on Earth system processes
B. In 1988, to provide the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) with scientific support and to build systematic knowledge on climate change
C. In 2006, after the launch of ‘An inconvenient truth’ by Al Gore in an attempt by the scientific community to respond to the portrayal of climate change in the film
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Are "planetary boundaries" global thresholds?(Please select one answer)
A. Yes
B. No
C. Only 3 out of the 9 boundaries are thresholds
Which three of the nine planetary boundaries had already been transgressed in the original publication of planetary boundaries?(Please choose all that apply)
A. Climate change
B. Ocean acidification
C. Stratospheric ozone depletion
D. Nitrogen and phosphorus cycles
E. Freshwater use
F. Land use
G. Biodiversity loss
H. Aerosol loading
I. Chemical pollution
Which two of the nine planetary boundaries have not been quantified yet?(Please select one answer)
A. Freshwater use and land use
B. Aerosol loading and chemical pollution
C. Ozone depletion and biodiversity loss
How have the boundary values of the nine planetary boundaries been determined?(Please select one answer)
A. Using data on historical trends for each process
B. Applying current knowledge of Earth system processes and development trajectories
C. Using global models for assessments of potential futures
D. All of the above
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