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阅读下文,完成以下问题。我初到英国读书时,一位很爱护我的教师——辛博森先生——写了一封很恳切的长信,给我讲为人治学的道理,其中有一句话说:“大学教育在于使人有正确的价值意识,知道权衡轻重。”事隔二十余年,我还很清楚地记得这句看来颇似寻常的话。在当时,我看到了有几分诧异,心时想:大学教育的功用就不过如此么这二三十年的人生经验才逐渐使我明白这句话的分量。我有时虚心检点过去,发现了我每次的过错或失败都恰是当人生歧路,没有能权衡轻重,以至去取失当。比如说,我花去许多功夫读了一些于今看来是值不得读书的书,做了一些于今看来是值不得做的文章,尝试了一些于今看来是值不得尝试的事,这样就把正经事业耽误了。好比行军,没有侦出要塞,或是侦出要塞而不尽力去击破,只在无战争重要性的角落徘徊摸素,到精力消耗完了还没碰着敌人,这岂不是愚蠢?我自己对于这种愚蠢有切身之痛,每衡量当世人物,也喜欢审察他们有没有犯同样的毛病。有许多在学问、思想方面极为我所敬佩的人,希望本来很大,他们如果死心塌地做他们的学问,成就必有可观。但是因为他们在社会上名望很高,每个学校都要请他们演讲,每个机关都要请他们担任职务,每个刊物都要请他们作文章,这样一来,他们不能集中力量去做一件事,用非其长,长处不能发展,不久也就荒废了。名位是中国学者的大患。没有名位去挣扎求名位,旁驰博骛,用心不专,是一种浪费;既得名位而社会视为万能,事事都来打搅,惹得人心花意乱,是一种更大的浪费。 “古之学者为己,今之学者为人。”在“为人”、“为已”的冲突中,“为人”是很大的诱惑。学者遇到这种诱惑,必须知所轻重,毅然有所取舍,否则随波逐流,不旋踵就有没落之祸。认定方向,立定脚跟,都需要很深厚的修养。“正其谊不谋其利,明其道不计其功”,是儒家在人生理想上所表现的价值意识。“学也禄在其中”,既学而获禄,原亦未尝不可;为干禄而求学,或得禄而忘学,便是颠倒本末。我国历来学子正坐此弊。记得从前有一个学生刚在中学毕业,他的父亲就要他做事谋生,有友人劝阻他说:“这等于吃稻种。”这句聪明话可表现一般家长视教育子弟为投资的心理。近来一般社会重视功利,青年学子便以功利自期,入学校只图混资格作敲门砖,对学问没有浓厚的兴趣,至于立身处世的道理更视为迂阔而远•于事情。这是价值意识的混乱。教育的根基不坚实,影响到整个社会风气以至于整个文化。轻重倒置,急其所应缓,缓其所应急,这种毛病在每个人的生活上,在政治上,在整个文化动向上都可以看见。近来我看了英国人贝尔的《文化论》(Clive Bell:Civilization),其中有一章专论价值意识为文化要素,颇引起我的一些感触。贝尔专从文化观点立论,我联想到“价值意识”在人生许多方面的意义。这问题值得仔细一谈。 第三段中作者引用“这等于吃稻种”这话的意图是()。

A. 说明教育是一种投资。
B. 批评为名禄学习、只重功利的社会风气。
C. 评急功近利的社会风气。
D. 赞扬重视教育的家长。

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阅读下文,完成以下问题。我们要了解和评判一个作者,应该知道他那时代对于他那一类作品的意见,这些意见就是后世文艺批评史的材料,而在当时表示一种文艺风气。一个艺术家总在某些社会条件下创作,也总在某种文艺风气里创作。这个风气影响到他对题材、体裁、风格的去取,给予他以机会,同时也限制了他的范围。就是抗拒这个风气的人也受到它负面的支配,因为他不得不另出手眼来逃避或矫正他所厌恶的风气。正像列许登堡所说,模仿有正有负,亦步亦趋是模仿,“反其道而行也是模仿”;圣佩韦也说,尽管一个人要推开自己所处的时代,仍然免不了和它接触,而且接触得很着实。所以,风气是创作里的潜势力,是作品的背景, 而从作品本身不一定看得清楚。 我们阅读当时人所信奉的理论,看他们对具体作品的褒贬好恶,树立什么标准,提出什么要求,就容易了解作者周围的风气究竟是怎么一回事,好比从飞沙、麦浪波纹里看出了风的姿态。一时期的风气经过长时期而能保持,没有根本的变动,那就是传统。传统有惰性,不肯变,而事物的演化又使它不得不以变应变,因此规律、习惯不断地相机破例,实际上作出种种妥协,来迁就事物的演变。它把规律解释得宽,可以收容新风气,免得因对抗而动摇地位。传统愈悠久,妥协愈悠久,妥协愈多,愈不肯变,变的需要就愈迫切,不再能委曲求全,于是旧传统和新风气破裂而被它破坏。新风气的代兴也常有一个相反相成的现象。它一方面强调自己是崭新的东西,和不相容的原有传统立异;而另一方面要表示自己大有来头,非同小可,向古代另找一个传统作为渊源所自。例如明、清的批注家要把《水浒》、《儒林外史》等白话小说和《史记》、《汉书》挂钩搭线,西方18世纪批评家也要把新兴的长篇散文小说遥承古希腊、罗马的史诗。这类暴发户造谱牒或者野孩子认父的事例,在文学史上常有;它会影响创作,使作品从自然的天真转而为自觉的有教养、有师承,所以未可忽视。 根据文中所述,要了解某一时期的文艺风气,应注意哪些情况?()

A. 当时的人对具体作品树立的标准。
B. 当时的人对具体作品的褒贬好恶。
C. 当时的理论和当时对具体作品的评价。
D. 当时人所信奉的理论和提出的要求。

Silas Minton’s funeral was a quiet (36) . It was (37) by the only (38) he had in the world, his niece and nephew, and by a few friends. The priest who (39) (40) a hundred miles into this wild part of the county was now getting (41) for the simple ceremony. Minton, (42) "Minty" as his friends (43) call him, (44) a hard life (45) for gold in a lonely part of Western Australia. He had always refused to work in a gold mine (46) he believed that he could do better (47) his own. Although he was not a boastful(夸口的)person, he had often declared that one day he (48) find a lump (块) of gold as big as his head and (49) he would retire and live in (50) for the rest of his life. But his dreams of great wealth (51) came true. For many years he had hardly earned enough money to keep himself (52) .Two men now gently lifted the rough wooden box that (53) Minty’s body, but they almost dropped it when they heard a loud cry from the grave-digger. His spade (铁锹)had struck something hard in the rocky soil and he was shouting excitedly. Then he held up a large stone. (54) it was covered (55) dirt, the stone shone curiously in the fierce sunlight: it was unmistakably a heavy piece of solid gold! 51().

A. ever
B. never
C. always
D. once

Letter OneDear Sirs,Your delay in delivering the carpets ordered on July 2nd is causing us considerable inconvenience, and it threatens the loss of one of our best customers, for whom they are intended.We are likely to receive a standing contract from this order, but a delay in delivery might well prove fatal (致命的) to our chances. It is not enough, therefore, for you to inform us of the approximate date when delivery could be affected; we must insist on an unconditional guarantee that the goods will be delivered by July 13th. Further, it is important that you lose no time in conveying this information to us.Yours sincerelyLetter TwoDear Sirs,It is with regret and a certain amount of surprise that we find you have not yet delivered the goods ordered two months ago.As your representative’s promise to affect prompt delivery was an important factor in our placing this order with you, we must insist you stand by the statement.The goods are required for shipment and must be with us in four days, should you fail in your obligations we will be compelled to cancel the order.Faithfully yours What are the two letters about The two letters are about the()goods.

Conversation 2Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation.[听力原文]8-10M: Hello, Mary. It’s John. I’ve got something to tell you about the delivery of computers.W: Oh, yes. How is it coming alongM: Well, we have problems with the ABC computer company.W: Really What kind of problemM: They haven’t delivered the order on time.W: Oh, no. Why notM: I don’t know. Could you call themW: Yes, of course. What’s the order numberM: It’s CPU3861. Mr. Peterson is the contact man.W: All right. I will call you back later in the afternoon. What was wrong with the ABC computer company()

A. They got a wrong order number from the caller.
B. They failed to deliver the computer on time.
C. They couldn’t find the order form.
D. They made a wrong delivery.

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