Medicine 1 Medicine is the science and art of healing. It is a science because it is based on knowledge gained through careful study and experimentation. It is an art because it depends on how skillfully doctors and other medical workers apply this knowledge when dealing with patients. 2 The goals of medicine are to save lives, to relieve suffering, and to maintain the dignity of ill individuals. For this reason, medicine has long been one of the most respected professions. Thousands of men and women who work in the medical profession spend their lives caring for the sick. When disaster strikes, hospital workers rush emergency aid to the injured. When epidemics threaten, doctors and nurses work to prevent the spread of disease. Researchers in the medical profession continually search for better ways of fighting disease. 3 Human beings have suffered from illness since they first appeared on the earth. Throughout most of this time, they knew little about how the human body works or what causes disease. Treatment was based largely on superstition and guesswork. 4 However, medicine has made tremendous progress in the last several hundred years. Today, it is possible to cure, control, or prevent hundreds of diseases. People live longer than they did in the past as a result of new drugs, machines, and surgical operations. Medical progress in the control of infectious diseases, improvements in health care programs for mothers and children, and better nutrition, sanitation, and living conditions have given people a longer life expectancy. 5 As medicine has become more scientific, it has also become more complicated. In the past, doctors cared for patients almost single-handedly. Patients received treatment at home for most kinds of illness. Today, doctors no longer work by themselves. Instead, they head medical teams made of nurses, laboratory workers, and many other skilled professionals. The care provided by such teams cannot generally be started at home. As a result, clinics and hospitals have become the chief centers for medical care in most countries.A. In ancient tribes, treatment was based largely on superstition.B. Today, extensive knowledge and sophisticated medical techniques make possible the cure, control, and prevention of hundreds of diseases.C. The goals of medicine.D. Control of infectious disease is given as a reason for a longer life.E. School infirmaries appear as a result of increasing complicated medical work.F. Medical care is now provided for patients in hospitals by a medical team consisting of doctors, nurses, and laboratory workers. Paragraph 5______
Thirst for Oil Worldwide every day, we devour the energy equivalent of about 200 million barrels of oil. Most of the energy on Earth comes from the Sun. In fact enough energy from the Sun hits the planet’s surface each minute to cover our needs for an entire year, we just need to find an efficient way to use it. So far the energy in oil has been cheaper and easier to get at. But as supplies dwindle, this will change, and we will need to cure our addiction to oil. Burning wood satisfied most energy needs until the steam-driven industrial revolution, when energy-dense coal became the fuel of choice. Coal is still used, mostly in power stations, to cover one quarter of our energy needs, but its use has been declining since we started pumping up oil. Coal is the least efficient, unhealthiest and most environmentally damaging fossil fuel, but could make a comeback, as supplies are still ple.ntiful; its reserves are five times larger than oil’s. Today petroleum, a mineral oil obtained from below the surface of the Earth and used to produce petrol, diesel oil and various other chemical substances, provides around 40% of the world’s energy needs, mostly fuelling automobiles. The US consumes a quarter of all oil, and generates a similar proportion of greenhouse gas emissions. The majority of oil Comes from the Middle East, which has half of known reserves. But other significant sources include Russia, North America, Norway, Venezuela and the North Sea. Alaska’s Arctic National Wildlife Refuge could be a major new US source, to reduce reliance on foreign imports. Most experts predict we will exhaust easily accessible reserves within 50 years, though opinions and estimates vary. We could fast reach an energy crisis in the next few decades, when demand exceeds supply. As conventional reserves become more difficult to access, others such as oil shales and tar sands may be used instead. Petrol could also be obtained from coal. Since we started using fossil fuels, we have released 400 billion tons of carbon, and burning the entire reserves could eventually raise world temperatures by 13~C. Among other horrors, this would result in the destruction of all rainforests and tile inching of all Arctic ice. Which of the following statements is NOT meant by the author, according to the second paragraph
A. Wood wets the fuel of choice before coal.
B. The use of coal is declining.
Coal is the most environmentally unfriendly fuel next to oil.
D. Coal reserves are plentiful and will be likely to become the major fuel of choic
2009年1~3月,全国完成房地产开发投资4880亿元,同比增长4.1%。其中,商品住宅完成投资3422亿元,同比增长3.2%,比1~2月提高2.4个百分点,比去年同期回落31.5个百分点。 1~3月,全国房地产开发企业房屋施工面积17.87亿平方米,同比增长12.7%;房屋新开工面积2.01亿平方米,同比下降16.2%,降幅比1~2月扩大1.4个百分点;房屋竣工面积9922万平方米,同比增长26.3%,增幅比1~2月回落2.7个百分点。其中,住宅竣工面积8117万平方米,增长26.9%,比1~2月回落1.6个百分点。 2009年1~4月,全国完成房地产开发投资7290亿元,同比增长4.9%。其中,商品住宅完成投资5114亿元,同比增长3.4%,比1~3月提高0.2个百分点,比去年同期回落31.8个百分点。 1~4月,全国房地产开发企业房屋施工面积20.1亿平方米,同比增长12.4%;房屋新开工面积2.78亿平方米,同比下降15.6%,降幅比1~3月缩小0.6个百分点;房屋竣工面积1.32亿平方米,同比增长27.1%,增幅比1~3月提高0.8个百分点。其中,住宅竣工面积1.09亿平方米,增长28.5%,比1~3月提高1.6个百分点。 2009年4月,全国房屋新开工面积为( )。
A. 2.78亿平方米
B. 2.01亿平方米
C. 1.09亿平方米
D. 0.77亿平方米
某C20混凝土施工配合比为:水:139kg/m3水泥:385kg/m3砂:588kg/m3石:1328kg/m3拟省去水泥配零工作量,根据每罐配三袋水泥(150kg)计,相应地用水量和骨料用量是多少?