"I want to criticize the social system, and to show it at work, at its most intense." Virginia Woolf’s rovocative statement about her intentions in writing Mrs. Dalloway has regularly been ignored by the critics, since it highlights an aspect of her literary interests very different from the traditional picture of the "poetic" novelist concerned with examining states of reverie and vision and with following the intricate pathways of individual consciousness. But Virginia Woolf was a realistic as well as a poetic novelist, a satirist and social critic as well as a visionary: literary critics’ cavalier dismissal of Wooff’s social vision will not withstand scrutiny. In her novels, Woolf is deeply engaged by the questions of how individuals are shaped (or deformed)by their social environments, how historical forces impinge on people’s lives, how class, wealth, and gender help to determine people’s fates. Most of her novels are rooted in a realistically rendered social setting and in a precise historical time. Woolf’s focus on society has not been generally recognized because of her intense antipathy to propaganda in art. The pictures of reformers in her novels are usually satiric or sharply critical. Even when Woolf is fundamentally sympathetic to their causes, she portrays people anxious to reform their society and possessed of a message or program as arrogant or dishonest, unaware of how their political ideas serve their own psychological needs. Her Writer’s Diary notes:" the only honest people are the artists." Whereas "these social reformers and philanthropists".., harbor.., discreditable desires under the disguise of loving their kind .... Woolf detested what she called "preaching" in fiction, too, and criticized novelist D. H. Lawrence (among others)for working by this method. Woolf’s own social criticism is expressed in the language of observation rather than in direct commentary, since for her, fiction is a contemplative, not an active art. She describes phenomena and provides materials for a judgment about society and social issues: it is the reader’s work to put the observations together and understand the coherent point of view behind them. As a moralist, Woolf, works by indirection subtly underufining officially accepted mores, mocking, suggesting, calling into question, rather than asserting, advocating, bearing witness: hers is the satirist’s art. Woolf’s literary models were acute social observers like Chekhov and Chaucer. As she put it in The Common Reader, "It is safe to say that not a single law has been framed or one stone set upon another because of anything Chaucer said or wrote; and yet, as we read him, we are absorbing morality at every pore." Like Chaucer, Woolf chose to understand as well as to judge, to know her society root and branch--a decision crucial in order to produce art rather than polemic. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the passage
A. Poetry and Satire as Influences on the Novels of Virginia Woolf.
B. Virginia Woolf: Critic and Commentator on the Twentieth-Century Novel.
C. Trends in Contemporary Reform Movements as a Key to Understanding Virginia Wootf’s Novels.
D. Virginia Woolf’s Novels: Critical Reflections on tile Individual and on Society.
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数据电文仅限于电子数据交换、电子邮件、电报、电传或传真。 ( )
A. 对
B. 错
When John Weston awoke that morning, he remembered that his mother was going into hospital. He hadn’t worked out what was wrong with her. He knew, though, she hadn’t been well for some time now, and it bad become familiar to him to see her eyes narrowed in a sudden attack of pain, and her hand pressing against her heart. Their own doctor, who she had finally gone to for advice, had sent her to a specialist who knew all about these things. He had told her that just as soon as there was a bed for her, she would have to come into his hospital where he could look after her himself.During the weeks since then the pains had come ever more frequently, and the narrowed eyes be came an almost lasting part of her expression. Always rather sharp, she began losing her temper over little things so that John’s father kept his thoughts to himself more and more. John, as ready as possible to make allowances (体谅), tried to think what it would be like to have toothache all the time and how bad-tempered that would make you.So his mother would go into hospital for a few days. He was going to stay with his Aunt Daisy till she came back, and his father would stay on at home by himself. John’s cousin, Mona, was to come in and make the bed and wash the pots and dust round, now and again. That was the arrangement, and John didn’t care much for it. Apart from missing his mother (and she was glad she was going away be cause they would make her better), he wasn’t very fond of his Aunt Daisy because she was even more bad-tempered than her mother. How did John react to his mother’s bad temper().
A. He tried to imagine himself in her place.
B. He tried not to notice it.
C. He pretended he had toothache.
D. He behaved himself as well as possible.
案例分析题女性,27岁,皮肤反复出紫癜半年来诊。体检,巩膜无黄染,胸骨无压痛,肝脾未触及。血红蛋白100g/L,白细胞3.8×109/L,分类淋巴细胞占60%,中性粒细胞40%,血小板40×109/L,骨髓象增生活跃,粒系占28%,红系占10%,淋巴系占52%,成熟浆细胞7%,组织嗜碱细胞3%,巨核细胞2个,无病态造血Ham试验(-),网织红细胞0.8%。 最可能的诊断是()
A. 多发性骨髓瘤
B. 特发性血小板减少性紫癜
C. 阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿
D. 脾功能亢进
E. 再生障碍性贫血
Television, or TV, the modern wonder of electronics (电子学), brings the world into your own home in sight and sound. The name TELEVISION comes from the Greek work TELL, meaning "far", and the Latin word VIDERE, meaning "to see". Thus, television means "seeing far". Sometimes television is referred to as VIDEO, from a Latin word meaning "I see". In Great Britain, the popular word for television is "telly".Television works in much the same way as radio. In radio sound is changed into ELECTROMAG NETIC(电磁波)waves which are sent through the air. In TV, both sound and light are changed into electromagnetic waves. Experiments leading to modern television took place more than a hundred years ago. By the year 1920s, inventors and researchers had turned the early theories into working models. Yet it took another thirty years for TV to become an industry.As an industry ,TV provides jobs for hundreds of thousands who make TV sets and broadcasting equipment. It also provides work for actors, technicians, and others who put on programs. As an art, television brings the theater and other cultural(文化的)events into the home. From which languages is the word "television" taken().
A. Greek and English.
B. Latin and English.
C. Greek and Latin.
D. English and Japanese.