中国载货船“东方号”从青岛出发驶往日本,在航行途中货船起火,大火蔓延至机舱,船长为了船舶的安全,命令采取紧急措施,往船中浇水灭火,火扑灭后,由于主机受损,无法航行,船长雇用拖轮将货船拖回青岛修理,完修后将货物运往日本,事后调查,此次事件造成的损失有如下几项:(1)500箱货物被火烧毁;(2)1500箱货物因灌水灭火受到损失;(3)主机的部分甲板被烧坏;(4)雇用拖轮费用;(5)额外增加的燃料和船长船员工资。哪些属于共同海损
A. 500箱货物被火烧毁
B. 1500箱货物因灌水灭火受到损失
C. 主机的部分甲板被烧坏
D. 雇用拖轮费用
Aristotle believed that the heavens were perfect. If they ever were, they are no longer. The skies above Earth are now littered with the debris (残骸) of dead satellites, bits of old rockets and the odd tool dropped by a spacewalking astronaut. Such is the extent of the detritus that the first accidental collision between two satellites has already taken place. It happened in February 2009, when a defunct (废弃的) Russian Cosmos smashed into a functioning American Iridium, destroying both and creating even more space junk. To stop this sort of thing happening again Vaios Lappas of the University of Surrey, in England, has designed a system that will remove satellites from orbit at the end of their useful lives--and as a bonus will scour part of the sky clean as it does so. Dr. Lappas’s satellite-removal system employs a solar sail. As light from the sun hits the sail, it imparts a minuscule but continuous acceleration. When a satellite is first launched, the sail is angled in a way that causes this acceleration to keep the satellite in orbit. (Orbits gradually decay as a result of collisions with the small number of air molecules found even at altitudes normally classified as "outer space". ) Solar sails have yet to be used widely to propel spacecraft in this way--several earlier versions came unstuck when the sails failed to unfurl properly-but doing so is not a novel idea in principle The novelty Dr. Lappas envisages is to change the angle of the sail when the satellite has become defunct. Instead of keeping the derelict craft in orbit, it will, over the course of a couple of years, drag it into the atmosphere and thus to a fiery end. Not only that, but the sail will also act like a handkerchief, mopping up microscopic orbital detritus such as flecks of paint from previous launches. A fleck of paint may not sound dangerous, but if travelling at 27 000kph (17 000mph), as it would be in orbit, it could easily penetrate an astronaut’s spacesuit. A prototype of Dr. Lappas’s design, called CubeSail, will be launched late next year. It weighs just 3kg and, when folded up, measures 30cm (12 inches) by 10era by 10era. Once unfurled, however, the sail will have an area of 25 square metres. If this prototype, which is paid for by EADS, a European aerospace company, proves successful, solar sails might be added to many future satellites. That would enable them to be removed rapidly from orbit when they became useless and would restore to the skies some measure of Aristotelian perfection. The best title for the text should be______.
A. The Outer Space
B. The CubeSail
C. Accidental Collisions
D. Sweeping the Skies