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What can we learn from the last paragraph？
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You must fill in a library application form. and put it in the box on the librarian's desk. Because of the high number of applications we receive each week, you must wait one week. Please bring your student or work card to pick up your library cards. Library application forms which are not picked up within 2 months will be discarded and you will have to reapply.
You may borrow one video at a time. The video must be returned in one week. If you can not return it on time, please call, otherwise your video card will be cancelled. You may borrow 3 items at one time', that is 3 cassettes. Items must be returned within 1 month. You can telephone the library to renew items for another month.
Why can't the library issue library cards to everyone who applies？
A．Advancement in agriculture.B．Improvement in transportation.C．More business.D．Better
Part A
Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
As everyone knows, words constantly take on new meanings. Since these do not necessarily, nor even usually, take the place of the old ones, we should picture this process as the analogy of a tree throwing out new branches which themselves throw out subordinate branches. The new branches sometimes overshadow and kill the old one but by no means always. We shall again and again find the earliest senses of a word flourishing for centuries despite a vast overgrowth of later senses which might be expected to kill them.
When a word has several meanings historical circumstances often, make one of them dominant during a particular period. Thus "station" is now more likely to mean a railway station than anything else; "speculation" more likely to bear its financial sense than any other. Until this century "plane" had as its dominant meaning "a flat surface" or "a carpenter's tool to make a surface smooth", but the meaning "an aeroplane" is dominant now. The dominant sense of a word lies uppermost in our minds. Whenever we meet the word, our natural impulse is to give it that sense. We are often deceived. To an old author the word may mean something different.
One of my aims is to make the reading of old books easy as far as certain words are concerned. If we read an old poem with insufficient regard for the change of the dictionary meanings of words we won't be able to understand the poem the old author intended. And to avoid this, knowledge is necessary.
We see good words or good senses of words losing their edge or more rarely getting a new edge that serves some different purpose. "Verbicide", the murder of a word, happens in many ways. Inflation is the commonest: those who taught us to say "awfully" for "very", "tremendous" for "great", and "unthinkable" for "undesirable" were verbicides.
I should be glad if I sent any reader away with a sense of responsibility to the language. It is unnecessary to think we can do nothing about it. Our conversation will have little effect, but if we get into print -- perhaps especially if we are leader-writers or reporters -- we can help to strengthen or weaken some disastrous word, can encourage a good and resist a bad Americanism. For many things the press prints today will be taken up by a great mass of people in a few years.
In the first paragraph the author believes ______.
听力原文： Not until some 200 years ago did the world population begin increasing at a rapid rate. In many parts of the world, people's health began to improve as a result of improved sanitation, the drainage of swamps, and, later, such developments in the field of medicine as the use of antibiotics. Increased trade brought better economic conditions in many countries. All these improvements made it possible for man to live longer. The standard of livings throughout the world began to rise as a result of advances in agriculture and in the processing of agricultural products. These included better farming methods, mechanization, fertilization, and refrigeration. Improved transportation helped to open new territories for settlement in the Western Hemisphere and in Australia. It also helped in distributing the great abundance of agricultural and industrial products that began to be available.
The combination of a high birth rate and a low death rate is creating a rapid population increase in Asia, Africa and Latin America. Experts fear that the population may soon grow faster than the food supply available in these continents, which are so dependent upon agriculture. Conditions of absolute over-population would result in many countries. In 1798 the English economist Thomas R. Malthus (1766-1834) said in his famous Essay on the Principle of Population that population increases at a faster rate than the food supply does. Therefore if such natural checks as war, starvation, and disease did not decrease the population, the world would outgrow its food supply. However, Malthus could not foresee that in many parts of the world, medical, scientific, and technological advances would wipe out these natural checks to population growth.
Solutions to the problem of overpopulation are not easy to find. In many cases a people's culture and way of life stand in the way of such matters as late marriages and birth control, which would help lower the birth rate. A change from an agricultural to an industrial economy would provide another answer. Many countries are planning such a change, but they lack the raw materials, capital, transportation facilities, technical skills, and markets for products. Migration from countries that are seriously overpopulated might help. In many cases, however, the countries to which migrants want to go have laws that prevent many of the migrants from entering.
Questions:
11. Which of the following factors for the improvement of people's health in many parts of the world is not mentioned in the talk？
12. What brings about better economic conditions in many countries？
13. What is the main reason for opening up new territories in the Western Hemisphere？
14. What is Malthus's population theory？
15. By whom are late marriages and birth control favored？
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