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Passage 36 The market is a concept. If you are growing tomatoes in your backyard for sale you are producing for the market. You might sell some to your neighbor and some to the manager of the local supermarket. But in either case, you are producing for the market. Your efforts are being directed by the market. If people stop buying tomatoes, you will stop producing them. If you take care of a sick person to earn money, you are producing for the market. (36) If your father is a steelworker or a truck driver or a doctor or a grocer, he is producing goods or service for the market. When you spend your income, you are buying things from the market. You may spend money in stores, supermarkets, gas stations and restaurants. Still you are buying from the market. When the local grocer hires you to drive the delivery truck, he is buying your labor in the labor market. The market may seem to be something abstract. But for each person or businessman who is making and selling something, it’s very real. If nobody buys your tomatoes, it won’t be long before you get the message. The market is telling you something. It’s telling you that you are using energies and resources in doing something the market doesn’t want you to do. You are buying from the market when you______.

A. borrow a book from the library
B. look after your children
C. drive to the seaside for a holiday
D. dine at a restaurant

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Passage 26 Though some people have suggested that women should return to housework in order to leave more jobs for men, the idea has been rejected by both women and men in public opinion polls (民意测验). Lately some union officials have suggested that too many women are employed in type of work more suitable fore men and that women should step aside to make way for unemployed young men. (26) They argue that women, especially women in their childbearing years actually delay economic development and result in lower productivity, poor quality and inefficiency. To solve the problem, they have suggested that the working women stay at home while their husbands or brothers were given double wages. They argue that under these circumstances, families would retain their same level of income, and women could run the house and raise children much better. The suggestion has been rejected by 9 out of 10 people polled. A hundred persons in a big city were questioned last summer. Out of 50 women, 46 said they were unwilling to leave their jobs, no matter what the situation was. The other 4 said they would like to return home if their jobs could be taken by their sons or daughters. Of 50 men polled, only 6 said they would like to see their wives give up their jobs, if it meant higher wages for themselves. Some other people have suggested another way called "phased employment theory". The theory suggests that a woman worker take leave from her job when she is seven months pregnant (妊娠) and stay off the job until her baby reaches the age of 3. It suggests that women on leave receive 75 percent of their normal salary and be allowed to return to work after the 3-year period. This will benefit children, women, their families and the society. Some of those polled, both women and men, felt the idea is a good one. It definitely seems to be more acceptable than the suggestion that women return to home forever. According to the "phased employment" theory, during a woman’s leave from her job______.

A. her work should be done by her husband or brothers
B. her family’s income level will be a little lower than it normally is
C. her family can still keep the same level of income
D. either her husband or her brothers will be given double wages

Passage 29 The first English window was just a slit in the wall. (29) It was cut long, so that it would let in as much light as possible, and narrow, to keep out the bad weather. However, the slit let in more wind than light. This is why it was called "the wind’s eye". The word window itself comes from two Old Norse words for wind and eye. Before windows were used, the ancient halls and castles of northern Europe and Britain were dark and smoky. Their great rooms were high, with only a hole in the roof to let out the smoke from torches and cooking fires. As time went on, people wanted more light and air in their homes. They made the wind’s eyes wider so as to admit air and light. They stretched canvas across them to keep out the weather. It seems true that the larger canvas-covered windows______.

A. were not as good as the first windows
B. let in the light and kept out the wind
C. did not let any air in
D. were as good as today’s

Passage 41 Three men got to the Dover Railway Station a few minutes after nine o’clock one evening. They asked a guard, "What time is the next train for London" The guard said, "You’ve just missed one. A train goes every hour. The next one is at ten o’clock." "That’s all right," they said. "We’ll go and have a drink." So off they went to a bar. A minute or two after ten o’clock they came running and asked the guard. "Has the train gone" "Yes," the guard said. "It went at ten, and I told you. The next one is at eleven o’clock." "That’s all right," they said again. "We’ll go and have another drink." So they went back to the bar. They missed the eleven o’clock train in the same way. Then the guard said, "No, the next train is the last one. If you miss that train, you won’t get to London tonight." (41) Twelve o’clock came, and the last train was just starting out when the three of them came out of the bar running as fast as they could. Two of them got on the train just as it was leaving but the third one didn’t run fast enough, and the train went out leaving him behind. He stood there looking at the train and laughing, as if to miss a train was the best joke in the world. The guard went up to him and said, "I told you that this was the last train. Why didn’t you come earlier" The man kept laughing until tears came into his eyes. Then he caught hold of the guard and said, "Did you see the two men get into the train and leave me here" "Yes, I did." "Well, I was the only one to leave for London. They were here only to see me off!" The story happened______.

A. in London
B. at the London Railway Station
C. in a bar
D. in Dover

Passage 20 How men first learned to invent words is unknown; in other words, the origin of language is a mystery. (20) All we really know is that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain sounds to express thoughts and feelings, actions and things, so that they could communicate with each other; and that later they agreed upon certain signs, called letters, which could be combined to represent those sounds, and which could be written down. Those sounds, whether spoken or written in letters, we call words. The power of words, then, lies in their combinations--the things they bring up before our minds. Words become filled with meaning for us by experience; and the longer we live, the more certain words recall to us the glad and sad events of our past; and the more we read and learn, the more the number of words that mean something to us increases. Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal powerfully to our minds and feelings. This charming and telling use of words is what we call literary (文字的) style. Above all, the real poet is a master of words. He can convey his meaning in words which sing like music, and which by their position and association can move men to tears. We should therefore learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will make our speech silly and rude. The author of the passage advises us______.

A. to use words carefully and accurately
B. not to use silly and rude words
C. to become a slave of words
D. to use emotional words

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