Beginning in about 1990, lending to and investing in developing countries began to increase. One explanation for this is that:
A. Interest rates in the United States began to rise.
B. The governments in the developing countries began to encourage import-substituting manufacturing.
Changes in IMF policies toward exchange rate risk.
Deregulation and privatization in the developing countries opened up profitable new investment opportunities.
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The 1982 debt crisis was caused in part by:
A. Falling world interest rates.
B. A rapid increase in cheap imports from developing countries.
C. Falling developing country exports and high real interest rates.
D. Rising commodity prices.
Which crisis was resolved by the help of the Brady Plan?
A. The 1997 currency crisis.
B. The 1982 debt crisis.
C. The 1991 global recession.
D. The European debt crisis.
Which of the following resulted in a surge in international lending to developing countries in the mid-1970s to early 1980s?
A. Oil-exporting countries had a low short-run propensity to save out of their extra income.
B. The real interest rates in the industrial countries were significantly high.
C. The governments of the developing countries encouraged foreign direct investment (FDI) and foreign institutional investments (FII).
D. Lending to developing countries gained momentum through "herding" behavior.
Which of the following statements is Not true?
A. Before the crisis, the combination of dramatically reduced interest rates and an apparently stable economy fed a historic boom in the housing market.
B. Maturity mismatch of the financial institution was a systemic risk.
C. The financial crisis has hit both the real economy and the financial market.
D. The financial crisis occurred only in the United States and did not spread to other countries.
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