Pragmatics is the study of[填空1] meaning; the study of [填空2]meaning; the study of how [填空3] gets communicated than is said; and the study of the expression of relative [填空4].
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Traditional semantics also studies [填空1], but it does not put a word or sentence in[填空2] of use. Pragmatics is different, studying meaning in [填空3].
A sentence is a [填空1] concept, and the meaning of a sentence is often studied as the abstract, [填空2] property of the sentence. But if we think of a sentence as what people actually utter in the course of communication, it becomes an [填空3], and it should be considered in the situation in which it is actually uttered.
The Performative Hypothesis was proposed by Oxford philosopher [填空1], in a series of lectures titled How to Do Things with Words, published in 1962.
In the study of functions of English sentences, Austin classified English sentences into two types: [填空1] and [填空2]. The former refer to the statements that either state a [填空3] or describe a state of affairs. The latter refer to the sentences the uttering of which is, or part of, the [填空4] of an action.