Question 10问题10Which of the following is not an example of the above tendency?以下那个例子不是关于以上趋势？
A. Nurses often say that they are busier when there is a full moon, but rarely take notice of the moon during other nights of the month.护士们常常说月圆之时他们会比平常更忙碌，但是却很少注意到一个月里其他晚上的月亮。
B. A police detective has a prime suspect in custody, and only seeks out evidence to confirm their guilt at the expense of subsequent, contradictory evidence.警探一旦有了被拘留的头号嫌疑犯就只会寻找证据来证实他们有罪，但之后却是找到相反的证据。
C. After hearing a rumour that a company is on the verge of bankruptcy, an investor reads only the stories that confirm the bankruptcy scenario and misses a story about the new product the company just launched, which is expected to perform well.在听说关于公司濒临破产的流言后，一个投资者只读那些能够确认破产的信息，却错过了关于这个公司即将发行的新产品的信息，这个新产品预计会表现很好。
D. People who believe that arthritis pain is influenced by the weather will notice their pain more during extreme weather events, but may pay less attention when the weather is typical.那些相信天气会影响关节炎疼痛的人只会在极端天气时注意到疼痛加重，但在正常天气情况下却很少注意到自己的关节炎疼痛情况。
E. In providing a patient with a second opinion on a cancer diagnosis, the doctor decides not to look at the information from the previous doctor, which might bias her opinion.为了给病人提供关于癌症诊断的二次意见，医生决定不去看之前医生给的信息，因为这些信息可能使他有所偏见。
Question 7问题7Which of the following statements is not an example of the "above average effect?"下面那一个不是关于“高于平均水平 现象”的例子？
A group of people who scored in the 12th percentile (i.e., 88 percent of the other participants scored higher than they did) on tests of humor, grammar, and logic estimated themselves to be in the 62nd percentile.在测试幽默、语法和逻辑的测试中，得分在第12百分位的人（百分之88的参与者分数比他们高）却估计自己在第62百分位。
B. In a national survey of motorcyclists, respondents believed themselves to be less at risk than other motorcyclists of an accident needing hospital treatment in the next year.在一个全国性的对骑摩托车人的调查中，调查对象相信比起那些第二年因事故需要住院治疗的骑车人，他们并为有太多危险。
C. In a survey of 706 university professors at the University of Nebraska, 94% rated themselves as above-average teachers.在一个对于706位Nebraska大学的教授的调查中，94％的老师自评高于平均水平。
D. When asked: "are you in the bottom half of driving skills?" 50% of respondents said "yes."当问“你的驾驶技术是否低于平均水平？”50％的参与者会说“是的。”
E. 81% of entrepreneurs judged the odds of their business succeeding as 7 out of 10 or better.81％的企业家认为他们生意成功的几率是十分之七或更好。
Question 5问题5The "Fundamental Cognitive Error," which we introduced last week in Episode 2, has which of the following components?上周在第二章介绍的“基本认知错误”有以下那些构成？
A. The sum of our perception is shaped by the sum of our experiences, and we think there's a one-to-one relationship between the way we perceive and the way they really are.我们的认知是由我们的经历形成的，并且我们认为我们对事物的认知和他们真正的样子之间是一对一相对应的关系。
B. We underestimate how much our beliefs and theories contribute to our observations and judgements, and we don't realise how many other ways they could have been interpreted.我们低估了我们的信念、理论对我们的观察、判断的影响。我们也没有意识到他们还有许多不同的阐释方式。
C. Our memories can be distorted, and with the constant flow of this misinformation, it's hard to even recognize that you've made an interpretation.我们的记忆可以被曲解，伴随着持续的错误信息，你很难意识到你已经有了不同的解读。
D. It doesn't make sense to talk about things objectively as seeing objects and events as they are in the world. Seeing, hearing, and remembering all involve considerable knowledge of the world.像看到真实存在在世界上地物体、事件一样客观地谈论事情是不合理地。看、听、记住都涉及到关于世界地大量知识。
E. Our exceptional pattern-recognition abilities are shaped by general and specific expectations – particularly for faces.我们的模式识别能力是由一般和特定的期望而形成的，特别是识别脸的。
Question 4问题4Which of the following is the best example of a long-term measure?以下那一个是长期测试的最好例子？
A. an overall rating by the hiring panel of "leadership potential". 由“领导潜力”招聘小组给出的全面评级。
B. a structured interview.一个结构化面试。
C. a standardised test like the Graduate Record Examination.像GRE（研究生入学考试）一样的标准化考试
D. a cumulative university or high school grade point average (GPA).长期积累的大学或高中GPA(学分)
E. an informal interview.一个非正式的面试
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