The first two stages in the development of civilized man were probably the invention of primitive weapons and the discovery of fire, although nobody knows exactly when people acquired the use of (1) .The (2) of language is also obscure. No doubt it began very gradually. Animals have a few cries that serve (3) signals, (4) even the highest apes have not been found able to pronounce words (5) with the most intensive professional instruction. The superior brain of man is apparently (6) for the mastering of speech. When man became sufficiently intelligent, we must suppose that he (7) the number of cries for different purposes. It was a great clay (8) he discovered that speed could be used for narrative. There are those who think that (9) picture language preceded oral language. A man (10) a picture on the wall of his cave to show (11) direction he had gone, or (12) prey he hoped to catch. Probably picture language and oral language developed side by side. I am inclined to think that language (13) the most important single factor in the development of man.Two important stages came not (14) before the dawn of written history. The first was the domestication of animals; the second was agriculture. Agriculture was (15) in human progress to which subsequently there was nothing comparable (16) our own machine age. Agriculture made possible (17) immense increase in the number of the human species in the regions where it could be successfully practised. (18) were, at first, only those in which nature fertilized the soil (19) each harvest. Agriculture met with violent resistance from the pastoral nomads, but the agricultural way of life prevailed in the end (20) the physical comforts it provided. Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.11()
A. at which
B. in which
C. on which
D. with which
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良种系指遗传品质优良、播种品质合格的种子。
A. 对
B. 错
Generally a saving in energy consumption is insufficient incentive for the consumer to purchase new cooking equipment unless other improvements (e.g. shorter cooking periods, fewer cleaning difficulties and improved appearance) are available as well. For the individual, there is a natural reticence to incur rapid changes because of the valid economic desire to exploit existing capital investment to the maximum: this is the major problem with many proposed energy-thrift measures. However, caterers should’ appreciate that by reducing energy wastages; they will not only be saving money, but also improving the working environment within their kitchens. Retro-fitting existing cookers with energy-conservation improvements in order to raise achievable efficiencies will occur only rarely. For the most immediate significant impact nationally, with respect to reducing the energy expended upon cooking, better management is recommended. Lawson suggested that about 16 PJ per year could be saved in the British catering sector by adopting improved operational practices. If only 10% of the energy used for catering purposes in the domestic sector could also be saved, overall national savings would amount to approximately 44 PJ per annum. To achieve this aim, a comprehensive and straight-forward program of energy-thrift education for housewives, cooks and kitchen managers is needed. This will require all concerned to exercise considerable personal discipline. The present approach, whereby individuals make purchasing decisions mainly on visual and first-cost grounds-partly because the cooking appliance and food manufacturing industries rarely provide adequate scientific data to support their claims- should be supplemented by other considerations. Food is too fundamental to human life, health and happiness to be considered an unworthy subject by intellectuals. For example, even the typical Briton (who tends to be casual about eating compared with most of his foreign counterparts) spends between 5% and 13% of his waking hours preparing, cooking and/or cleaning away ’after meals. Nevertheless, energy wastage prevails both on a national scale ( e. g. storing vast quantities of food at sub-ambient temperatures in so-called food mountains); and on an individual scale (e. g. performing hob operations without placing lids on the pans employed) . Food is so fundamental to human life that_______.
A. we should reduce energy wastages
B. many people take it for granted
C. cooking equipment is important
D. intellectuals pay great attention to it
抚育采伐必须在林分郁闭以后进行。
A. 对
B. 错