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Insomnia (失眠) is the inability to sleep calmly and relaxedly. It is a problem to nearly everyone at some time. A person may be awake for an hour in the middle of the night and then, next morning, may feel that he hardly slept all night. Normally, worry about not getting enough sleep is the worst aspect of most insomnia. If insomnia occurs repeatedly, it is important to find its possible causes and try to correct them.Any of simple factors may make one feel difficult to fall asleep. His mattress (床垫) may be too soft or too hard. If there are too many blankets (毯子) on a hot night, he may be too warm; if the mattress is too light he may feel cold during the night. The bedroom itself may be overheated or too cold. If it is not dark enough, or too noisy, this may cause difficulty in sleeping. Eating shortly before going to bed may also be responsible for insomnia. Drinking tea or coffee can also make people awake.The cause of insomnia may be easy to correct. The sufferer should check the mattress, and bedroom temperature, and make any necessary changes. He should relax for an hour or two before bedtime, perhaps by reading a book, watching television or taking a warm bath. If he wakes during the night he should try turning on the light and reading for a while. Taking warm milk and a biscuit or two may be helpful. The method mentioned above in treating insomnia is to ().
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Passage 3 Most scientists blame people, at least in part, for global warming. Now, some researchers say people may be partly to blame for the cooling of Antarctica as well. While average global temperatures have risen about one degree Fahrenheit over the past century, Antarctica over all appears to have cooled slightly in the past few decades. That has been puzzling, because the polar regions are thought to be more sensitive to warming trends than the rest of the globe. Even more puzzling, a small portion of Antarctica--the peninsula that stretches north toward South America--defies the cooling trend. It has been warming very rapidly, about five degrees over the past 50 years, 10 times the global average. Writing in today’ s issue of the journal Science, Dr. David Thompson, a professor of atmospheric science at Colorado State University, and Dr. Susan Solomon, a senior scientist at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in Boulder, Colo., argue that the ozone hole, which has opened up each spring over Antarctica in recent years, may help explain both contradictory trends. A vortex of winds continually blows around Antarctica, tending to trap cold air at the South Pole. In the new paper, Dr. Thompson and Dr. Solomon show that the winds have strengthened in the past few decades, keeping the cold air even more confined. The peninsula, which lies outside the wind vortex, escapes the cooling effect, the scientists said. They say the ozone hole may be the cause of the stronger winds. Close to the ground, ozone, a molecule consisting of three oxygen atoms, forms a large and unhealthy component of smog. High in the atmosphere, however, nature occurring ozone is essential for life, blocking ultraviolet rays that would fatally mangle DNA. However, fewer ozone molecules mean the atmosphere absorbs less ultraviolet radiation. Instead of warming the air, the rays bounce off the snow and ice of Antarctica and reflect back into space. Scientists already knew that the ozone hole had cooled the upper atmosphere. Dr. Thompson and Dr. Solomon show that the troposphere, the lowest six miles of the atmosphere, has also cooled. "It’ s a lot of food for thought in there," said Dr. John Walsh, a professor of atmospheric science at the University of Illinois and an author of a paper in Science in January that indicated Antarctica was cooling. He noted that the ozone hole was usually largest in November or December, but that the greatest cooling had been about six months later. The main reason for the cooling trend of Antarctica is that ______ .
Conversation: This section is to test your ability to comprehend short passages. You will hear a recorded passage. After that you will hear five questions. Both the passage and the questions will be read two times. When you hear a question, you should complete the answer to it with a word or a short phrase ( in no more than 3 words) . The questions and incomplete answers are printed in your test paper. You should write your answers on the Answer Sheet correspondingly. Now the passage will begin. Why do British families keep dogs or cats Englishmen keep the dogs or cats as _________.
你是一所大学管理学院院长Mr. Green，接受一个商务俱乐部的邀请去参加年度商务管理研讨会，请给该俱乐部负责人Mr. Biggs写封e-mail，内容包括： 1．感谢他的盛情邀请 2．告知你所演讲的题目是全球化过程中的跨文化企业管理 3．询问你的演讲时间．以便准备 4．希望住宿方面能给予提前安排
Conversation: This part is to test your listening ability. It consists of 3 sections.Section A Conversation: This section is to test your ability to understand short dialogues. There are 5 recorded dialogues in it. After each dialogue, there is a recorded question. Both the dialogues and questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D) given in your test paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
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