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There are two types of people in the world. Although they have equal degrees of health and wealth and the other comforts of life, one becomes happy, the other becomes miserable. This arises from different views in which they consider things, persons, and events, and the resulting effects upon their minds.The people who are to be happy fix their attention on the conveniences of things: the pleasant parts of conversation, the well-prepared dishes, the goodness of the wines, and fine weather. They enjoy all the cheerful things. Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the contrary things. Therefore, they are continually discontented. By their remarks, they sour the pleasures of society, offend many people, and make themselves disagreeable everywhere. If this turn of mind were founded in nature, such unhappy persons would be the more to be critical. The tendency to criticize and be disgusted is perhaps taken up originally by imitation. It grows into a habit, unknown to its possessors. The habit may be strong, but it may be cured when those who have it are convinced of its bad effects on their interests and tastes. I hope this little warning may be of service to them, and help change this habit.Although in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination, it has serious consequences in life, since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck. Those people offend many others, nobody loves them, and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect, and scarcely that. This frequently puts them in bad temper and draws them into arguments. If they aim at obtaining some advantage in rank or fortune, nobody wishes them success. Nor will anyone stir a step or speak a word to favor their hopes. If they bring on themselves public disapproval, no one will defend or excuse them, and many will join to criticize their misconduct. These people should change this bad habit and condescend to be pleased with what is pleasing, without worrying needlessly about themselves and others. If they do not, it will be good for others to avoid any contact with them. Otherwise, it can be disagreeable and sometimes very inconvenient, especially when one becomes mixed up in their quarrels. The phrase "scarcely that" in Paragraph 3 means （）.
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Children model themselves largely on their parents and they do so mainly through identification. Children identify (31) a parent when they believe they have the qualities and feelings that are (32) of that parent. The things parents do and say and the (33) they do and say to them therefore strongly influence a child’s (34) . However, parents must consistently behave like the type of (35) they want their child to become.A parent’s actions (36) affect the self-image that a child forms (37) identification. Children who see mainly positive qualities in their (38) will likely learn to see themselves in a positive way. Children who observe chiefly (39) qualities in their parents will have difficulty (40) positive qualities in themselves. Children may (41) their self-image, however, as they become increasingly 42 by peers group before they reach 13.Isolated events, (43) dramatic ones, do not necessarily have a permanent (44) on a child’s behavior. Children interpret such events according to their established attitudes and previous training. Children who know they are loved can, (45) , accept the divorce of their parent’s or a parent’s early (46) . But if children feel unloved, they may interpret such events (47) a sign of rejection or punishment. In the same way, all children are not influenced (48) by toys and games, reading matter, and television programs. (49) in the case of a dramatic change in family relations, the (50) of an activity or experience depends on how the child interprets it. （45）（）
You are Fred, and you want to invite your friend Bill to a dinner party for the Spring Festival at 5:00 pm today, to Room 6 of Holiday Inn Hotel. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness.
The American economic system is organized around a basically private enterprise, marketoriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most. Private businessmen, striving to make profits, produce these goods and services in competition with other businessmen; and the profit motive, operating under competitive pressures, largely determines how these goods and services are produced. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.An important factor of a market-oriented economy is the mechanism by which consumer demands can be expressed and responded to by producers. In the American economy, this mechanism is provided by a price system, a process in which prices rise and fall in response to relative demands of consumers and suppliers offered by sellers-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product. Thus, price is the regulating mechanism in the American economic system.The important factor in a private enterprise economy is that individuals are allowed to own productive resources (private property), and they are permitted to hire labor, gain control over natural resources, and produce goods and services for sale at a profit. In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual. According to the passage, a private-enterprise economy is characterized by （）.
There are two types of people in the world. Although they have equal degrees of health and wealth and the other comforts of life, one becomes happy, the other becomes miserable. This arises from different views in which they consider things, persons, and events, and the resulting effects upon their minds.The people who are to be happy fix their attention on the conveniences of things: the pleasant parts of conversation, the well-prepared dishes, the goodness of the wines, and fine weather. They enjoy all the cheerful things. Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the contrary things. Therefore, they are continually discontented. By their remarks, they sour the pleasures of society, offend many people, and make themselves disagreeable everywhere. If this turn of mind were founded in nature, such unhappy persons would be the more to be critical. The tendency to criticize and be disgusted is perhaps taken up originally by imitation. It grows into a habit, unknown to its possessors. The habit may be strong, but it may be cured when those who have it are convinced of its bad effects on their interests and tastes. I hope this little warning may be of service to them, and help change this habit.Although in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination, it has serious consequences in life, since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck. Those people offend many others, nobody loves them, and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect, and scarcely that. This frequently puts them in bad temper and draws them into arguments. If they aim at obtaining some advantage in rank or fortune, nobody wishes them success. Nor will anyone stir a step or speak a word to favor their hopes. If they bring on themselves public disapproval, no one will defend or excuse them, and many will join to criticize their misconduct. These people should change this bad habit and condescend to be pleased with what is pleasing, without worrying needlessly about themselves and others. If they do not, it will be good for others to avoid any contact with them. Otherwise, it can be disagreeable and sometimes very inconvenient, especially when one becomes mixed up in their quarrels. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to this passage（）
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