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Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32-35London taxi drivers know the capital like the back of their hands. No matter how small or indistinct the street is, the driver will be able to get you there without any trouble. The reason London taxi drivers are so efficient is that they all have gone through a very tough training period to get special taxi driving license. During this period, which can take two to four years, the would-be taxi driver has to learn the most direct route to every single road and to every important building in London. To achieve this, most learners go around the city on small motor- bikes practicing how to move to and from different points of the city. Learner taxi drivers are tested several times during the training period by government officers. The exams are terrible experience. The officers ask you "How do you get from Birmingham palace to the Tower of London" and you have to take them there in the direct line. When you get to the tower, they won’t say "well done ’. They quickly move on to the next question. After five or six questions, they will just say "See you in two months’ time." and then you know the exam is over. Learner drivers are not al lowed to work and earn money as drivers. There fore, many of them keep their previous jobs until they have obtained the license. The training can cost quite a lot, because learners have to pay for their own expenses on the tests and the medical exam. Why it says the teaining cost is quite a lot（）
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Creative Book Report IdeasAre you at a loss for creative book report ideas for your students If yes, then this article will help you make reading and reviewing books more creative for your class.In an age of PSPs, Xbox, anime and gaming arcades, reading has lost its foothold in the list of hobbies that children tend to cite. Most of the reading that kids do today, comes in the form of compulsory books that they need to read for school and maybe that is the reason they find reading to be an insurmountable and boring task. If you want to inculcate the love for languages and literary masterpieces in your students and want them to devour books everyone should read, then a good way of going about the same would be to get them to start working on creative book report ideas. While working on creative ideas for book reports, your students will have to understand the book in a way that allows them to come up with new ways to present to the class, the essence of the book.As a teacher, while egging your students to activate their creative gray cells, you will have to help them out with basic ideas that they can work on. Depending on the age bracket that your students belong to, the creative book report ideas will vary. This is so, not just because of the varying attention spans that children of various age groups posses but also because of the amount of work that kids can put into the report. While a middle school student will be comfortable handling a handy cam, a student from elementary school will be more fascinated if he is working with paints and puppets. So do you want to know how to write a book report creatively In this article, we will list out for you, a couple of good creative book report ideas for elementary students and for middle school students.Creative Book Report Ideas for Elementary SchoolBook Report SandwichA book report sandwich is a good creative idea for book reports. As a teacher you can get drawings of a sandwich on sheets of paper that are of the color of the ingredients of your sandwich, for example, a cream sheet of paper to resemble mayonnaise, red to represent tomato and likewise. Obviously, each ingredient should be cut in a way that when assembled together, it looks like a sandwich. Now, give each of your students one of these book sandwiches to create their book report. It can start with the name of the book and the author’s name on the top slice of the sandwich. The second ingredient can have the summary of the book on it. Each subsequent ingredient can have a description of the main characters, the setting of the book, the plot, and then his or her views about the book. Once they are done with their book reports, they can staple the book sandwich together and then, you can create a class bulletin board with all the book report sandwiches on display. Oral RetellingOne of the good techniques to retell a story, it is also one of the favorite creative book report ideas among students. The job that the student will have is to read the book and then pick a few objects at his/her home which will allow him/her to retell the story in a way that makes it interesting for his/her audience. Every time he/she picks out an object from the bag to report the book he/she has read, there has to be a valid connection between the book and the object, which the student can first ask the audience to guess and then go ahead and explain it. This idea is spin-off on the normal show and tells and allows for an interactive book report session.Act It OutThis is one of the creative ideas for book reports in which, as the teacher, you will have to divide your class into groups and give them one book each. The students can then read the book and get together and write a play and act it out for the class. To give a deeper insight into the book, one of the students can play the role of the author and as a group, the students can try and recreate the thought process of the author. The student playing the role of the author can then interrupt the play at important junctures and talk about the reasons for these twists in the play and how he/she came up with these plot lines.Creative Book Report Ideas for Middle SchoolKnow Your AuthorAs a young adult, your student’s fascination may go beyond the immediate concerns of the book. He/she may want to understand the circumstances in which the book was written, the times then, the events happening in the world and get the author’s perspective about the book. Encourage your students to think on those lines. Divide the class into pairs and give each pair one book to read. Let them then do the roles of the author and a journalist. You can have an interview session in front of the class, enabling them to dissect the book and get a peek into the author’s world.Lights, Camera, ActionIn a technology-obsessed world, it maybe a very tiny minority of your class that does not get excited with the prospect of shooting a film. One of the best creative book report ideas for middle school, you will need to divide the class into groups and give them at least two months to adapt the book that they have been assigned, into a film. The movie should have a well-adapted screenplay, and all other prerequisites, like a lighting engineer, sound engineer, costume designer, etc. At the end of the given time, the film can be screened in front of the class and then discussed.Behind the ScenesIf you are on the lookout for good individual creative book report ideas, then this one could be for you. Assign every student a book and then ask them to start maintaining a diary, from the author’s point of view. Ask them to come up with imaginary incidents from the author’s life and use historical events to explain why the author wrote the book in a certain manner. Alternately, you can also ask your students to give a surrogate ending to the story.These are just few of the options that you could use to inspire your students to come up with creative book report ideas. As kids we tend to be more imaginative and creative. Encourage your students to think out of the box and appreciate them for their efforts. This will help you have a class that is not only lively and inquisitive by nature but also a class that will cultivate a love for words. What belong to creative book report ideas for elementary schools（）
Creative Book Report IdeasAre you at a loss for creative book report ideas for your students If yes, then this article will help you make reading and reviewing books more creative for your class.In an age of PSPs, Xbox, anime and gaming arcades, reading has lost its foothold in the list of hobbies that children tend to cite. Most of the reading that kids do today, comes in the form of compulsory books that they need to read for school and maybe that is the reason they find reading to be an insurmountable and boring task. If you want to inculcate the love for languages and literary masterpieces in your students and want them to devour books everyone should read, then a good way of going about the same would be to get them to start working on creative book report ideas. While working on creative ideas for book reports, your students will have to understand the book in a way that allows them to come up with new ways to present to the class, the essence of the book.As a teacher, while egging your students to activate their creative gray cells, you will have to help them out with basic ideas that they can work on. Depending on the age bracket that your students belong to, the creative book report ideas will vary. This is so, not just because of the varying attention spans that children of various age groups posses but also because of the amount of work that kids can put into the report. While a middle school student will be comfortable handling a handy cam, a student from elementary school will be more fascinated if he is working with paints and puppets. So do you want to know how to write a book report creatively In this article, we will list out for you, a couple of good creative book report ideas for elementary students and for middle school students.Creative Book Report Ideas for Elementary SchoolBook Report SandwichA book report sandwich is a good creative idea for book reports. As a teacher you can get drawings of a sandwich on sheets of paper that are of the color of the ingredients of your sandwich, for example, a cream sheet of paper to resemble mayonnaise, red to represent tomato and likewise. Obviously, each ingredient should be cut in a way that when assembled together, it looks like a sandwich. Now, give each of your students one of these book sandwiches to create their book report. It can start with the name of the book and the author’s name on the top slice of the sandwich. The second ingredient can have the summary of the book on it. Each subsequent ingredient can have a description of the main characters, the setting of the book, the plot, and then his or her views about the book. Once they are done with their book reports, they can staple the book sandwich together and then, you can create a class bulletin board with all the book report sandwiches on display. Oral RetellingOne of the good techniques to retell a story, it is also one of the favorite creative book report ideas among students. The job that the student will have is to read the book and then pick a few objects at his/her home which will allow him/her to retell the story in a way that makes it interesting for his/her audience. Every time he/she picks out an object from the bag to report the book he/she has read, there has to be a valid connection between the book and the object, which the student can first ask the audience to guess and then go ahead and explain it. This idea is spin-off on the normal show and tells and allows for an interactive book report session.Act It OutThis is one of the creative ideas for book reports in which, as the teacher, you will have to divide your class into groups and give them one book each. The students can then read the book and get together and write a play and act it out for the class. To give a deeper insight into the book, one of the students can play the role of the author and as a group, the students can try and recreate the thought process of the author. The student playing the role of the author can then interrupt the play at important junctures and talk about the reasons for these twists in the play and how he/she came up with these plot lines.Creative Book Report Ideas for Middle SchoolKnow Your AuthorAs a young adult, your student’s fascination may go beyond the immediate concerns of the book. He/she may want to understand the circumstances in which the book was written, the times then, the events happening in the world and get the author’s perspective about the book. Encourage your students to think on those lines. Divide the class into pairs and give each pair one book to read. Let them then do the roles of the author and a journalist. You can have an interview session in front of the class, enabling them to dissect the book and get a peek into the author’s world.Lights, Camera, ActionIn a technology-obsessed world, it maybe a very tiny minority of your class that does not get excited with the prospect of shooting a film. One of the best creative book report ideas for middle school, you will need to divide the class into groups and give them at least two months to adapt the book that they have been assigned, into a film. The movie should have a well-adapted screenplay, and all other prerequisites, like a lighting engineer, sound engineer, costume designer, etc. At the end of the given time, the film can be screened in front of the class and then discussed.Behind the ScenesIf you are on the lookout for good individual creative book report ideas, then this one could be for you. Assign every student a book and then ask them to start maintaining a diary, from the author’s point of view. Ask them to come up with imaginary incidents from the author’s life and use historical events to explain why the author wrote the book in a certain manner. Alternately, you can also ask your students to give a surrogate ending to the story.These are just few of the options that you could use to inspire your students to come up with creative book report ideas. As kids we tend to be more imaginative and creative. Encourage your students to think out of the box and appreciate them for their efforts. This will help you have a class that is not only lively and inquisitive by nature but also a class that will cultivate a love for words. What can teachers do after their students finish their reports（）
The ownership of pets brings a variety of benefits that the uninitiated would never believe. For every tale of shredded cushion, flattened plants, and chew slippers, there is another testimony of intelligence, sympathy and undying devotion. Now the growing body of research into the medical and social advantages of pet ownership has confirmed what pet owners have always intuitively known that pets are not just loving companions but actually do us good. Researchers have established the value of pets in soothing and reassuring humans, particularly when ill, lonely or in distress. Perhaps the unquestioning love and approval pets give us is something we don’t always get from out human nearest and dearest.Our makeshift understanding psychology leads many of us to view very close relationships with pets with suspicion. Childless couples in particular give rise to speculation, but a consultant in animal behavior says, "There is no evidence that a pet is a direct substitute for child." And while many adults feel foolish if caught talking to their pets, they have no need to. The experts say you cannot have a close relationship with a pet without treating it as a person, and that talking to a pet is not unhealthy — simply a way of establishing camaraderie.The shaking helplessness of a young puppy or fluffy kitten stirs protective instincts deep within us and prompts many parents to buy pets for their children in the hope of instilling a sense of responsibility and caring and acceptance of the facts of life and death. Hut animals don’t have to be soft and fond to bring out the best in us. A social worker encouraged aggressive boys to handle ferrets — "if handled correctly they respond with friendship; if incorrectly they bite."There seems to be no doubt that, emotionally and physically, our pets do us good — there is a price to be paid. When loved animal dies, it is often a traumatic event — and then where do we turn for comfort Pets are sometimes criticized because they（）
M: Susan, have you read the notice on the bulletin board I’ve won the scholarship for the next semester.W: I knew you would. You certainly deserved it. What does the woman mean（）
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