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It is often difficult for visitors to understand Americans’ lack of desire for privacy. They are not a nation of walled gardens and closed gates. Their gardens usually run into one another without any fences; they often visit one another’s house without being invited or telephoning first; they leave their office doors open while they work.Their lack of desire for privacy probably results from their history as a nation. America is a big country. There have never been walled cities in the United States, nor was there the need for Americans to protect themselves from neighbouring states. During the early years, America had so few settlers that neighbours were very important; they were not to be shut out by doors and fences. Neighbors offered protection and helped with the hard work of settling the land. They depended upon each other.From the nation’s early history has come the desire for openness rather than privacy. Visitors will notice this desire in a number of small ways ; there may be rooms in American homes that do not have doors or that have glass walls. If you notice that people forget to close your door when they leave your room, do not think that this is rude, help them to learn that you would like it to be closed, or else become accustomed to new ways. In either case, be patient with the differences. Which of the following is TRUE（）
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During the early years, America had so few settlers that neighbors were very important; they were not to be shut out by doors and fences.（）
Summers with father were always enjoyable. Swimming, hiking, boating, fishing—the days were not long enough to contain all of our activities. There never seemed to be enough time to go to church, which disturbed (扰乱，使不安) some friends and relations. Accused (谴责) of neglecting this part of our education, my father instituted (制定，开始) a summer school for my brother and me. However, his summer course included ancient history, which Papa felt our schools neglected, and navigation (航海), in which we first had a formal examination in the dining room, part of which consisted of tying several knots in a given time limit. Then we were each separately sent on what was grandly referred to as a cruise (巡航) in my father’s 18-foot knockabout, spending the night on board, and loaded down, according to my father, with enough food for a week. I remember that on my cruise I was required to formally plot our course, using the tide table, even though our goal was an island I could see quite clearly across the water in the distance. The purpose of the cruise mentioned in the passage was to（）
It is often difficult for visitors to understand Americans’ lack of desire for privacy. They are not a nation of walled gardens and closed gates. Their gardens usually run into one another without any fences; they often visit one another’s house without being invited or telephoning first; they leave their office doors open while they work.Their lack of desire for privacy probably results from their history as a nation. America is a big country. There have never been walled cities in the United States, nor was there the need for Americans to protect themselves from neighbouring states. During the early years, America had so few settlers that neighbours were very important; they were not to be shut out by doors and fences. Neighbors offered protection and helped with the hard work of settling the land. They depended upon each other.From the nation’s early history has come the desire for openness rather than privacy. Visitors will notice this desire in a number of small ways ; there may be rooms in American homes that do not have doors or that have glass walls. If you notice that people forget to close your door when they leave your room, do not think that this is rude, help them to learn that you would like it to be closed, or else become accustomed to new ways. In either case, be patient with the differences. According to the passage, visitors to America sometimes have trouble understanding（）
About 150 years ago the children of a poor farmer who lived in South Africa found a pretty pebble (鹅卵石) on the bank of a river. The pebble shone brightly in spots. The children took the pebble home and showed it to their mother. Then they tossed (扔) it aside. The next day a neighbour saw it and offered to buy it. The children and the mother told him that he could have it for nothing. Who ever heard of selling a pebbleThe pebble turned out to be a large diamond. No one had known that there are diamonds in South Africa. Today a large part of all the diamonds in the world come from a region not far from the place where the children found their bright pebble.Diamonds are crystals of carbon. Carbon is a very common material. Coal, for example, is made up mostly of carbon. But the carbon of coal is not in crystal form. Clear crystals of carbon are very rare.The word "diamond" comes from a Greek word meaning "the unconquerable". The diamond got its name because of its hardness. No other material is so bard. It is used in tools for cutting and drilling into very hard substances. Some saws, for example, have tiny diamonds set in the teeth. The children and their mother gave the pebble to their neighbour and asked nothing for it because（）
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