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Some students at the Open University left school 20 years ago. (36) are younger but all must be at least 21 years old. This is one example of (37) the Open University is different (38) all the others. Its students must (39) work fulltime or be at home all day. They do not have to (40) any examinations before they are (41) . This is why the university is called "open". It was started (42) order to help people who (43) having a university education when they were young. The first name (44) the open university was "the University of the Air". The idea was to teach (45) the air, in other (46) , on radios and the television. (47) of the teaching is done like this. The student also receives (48) at one of 283 study centers in the country. He must also (49) three weeks every summer as a (50) student. Tutors and students (51) and study together, (52) in other universities. At the end of the Open University’s first year, the (53) were good; three (54) of four students passed their examinations. (55) they do this every year, they will finish their studies in four or five years. 46().
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A man once said how useless it was to put advertisements in the newspapers. "Last week," said be, "my umbrella was stolen from a London Church. As it was a present, I spent twice its worth in advertising, but didn’t get it back.""How did you write your advertisement" asked one of the listeners, a merchant."Here it is," said the man, taking out of his pocket a slip cut from a newspaper. The other man took it and read, "Lost from the City Church last Sunday evening, a black silk umbrella. The gentleman who finds it will receive ten shillings on leaving it at No. 10 Broad Street.""Now," said the merchant, "I often advertise, and find that it pays me well. But the way in which an advertisement is expressed is of great importance. Let us try for your umbrella again, and if it fails, I’ll buy you a new one." The merchant then took a slip of paper out of his pocket and wrote: "If the man who was seen to take an umbrella from the City Church last Sunday evening doesn’t wish to get into trouble, he will return the umbrella to No. 10 Broad Street. He is well known." This appeared in the paper, and on the following morning, the man was astonished when he opened the front door. In the door way lay at least twelve umbrellas of all sizes and colors that had been thrown in, and his own was among the number. Many of them had notes, fastened to them saying that they had been taken by mistake, and begging the loser not to say anything about the matter. Did the merchant know who had taken the umbrella()
Text 3 Legend has it that sometime toward the Civil War (1861 -1865) a government train carrying oxen traveling through the northern plains of eastern Wyoming was caught in a snowstorm and had to be abandoned. The driver returned the next spring to see what had become of his cargo. Instead of the skeletons he had expected to find, he saw his oxen, living, fat, and healthy. How had they survived The answer lay in a resource that unknowing Americans had trampled underfoot in their haste to cross the "Great American Desert" to reach lands that sometimes proved barren. In the eastern parts of the United States, the preferred grass for forage was as cultivated plant. It grew well with enough rain, then when cut and stored it would cure and become nourishing hay for winter feed. But in the dry grazing lands of the west, that familiar bluejoint grass was often killed by drought. To raise cattle out there seemed risky or even hopeless. Who could imagine a fairy-tale grass that required no rain and somehow made it possible for cattle to feed themselves all winter But the surprising western wild grasses did just that. They had wonderfully convenient features that made them superior to the cultivated eastern grasses. Variously known as buffalo, grama grass, or mesquite grass, not only were they immune to drought; but they were actually preserved by the lack of summer and autumn rains. They were not juicy like the cultivated eastern grasses, but had short, hard stems. And they did not need to be cured in a barn, but dried right where they grew on the ground. When they dried in this way, they remained naturally sweet and nourishing through the winter. Cattle were left outdoors to fend for themselves thrived on this hay. And the cattle themselves helped plant the fresh grass year after year, for they trampled the natural seeds firmly into the soil to be watered by the melting snows of winter and the occasional rains of spring. The dry summer air cured them, much as storing in a barn cured the cultivated grasses. What does the passage mainly discuss
Some students at the Open University left school 20 years ago. (36) are younger but all must be at least 21 years old. This is one example of (37) the Open University is different (38) all the others. Its students must (39) work fulltime or be at home all day. They do not have to (40) any examinations before they are (41) . This is why the university is called "open". It was started (42) order to help people who (43) having a university education when they were young. The first name (44) the open university was "the University of the Air". The idea was to teach (45) the air, in other (46) , on radios and the television. (47) of the teaching is done like this. The student also receives (48) at one of 283 study centers in the country. He must also (49) three weeks every summer as a (50) student. Tutors and students (51) and study together, (52) in other universities. At the end of the Open University’s first year, the (53) were good; three (54) of four students passed their examinations. (55) they do this every year, they will finish their studies in four or five years. 43().
Directions: Read the texts from an article, For five questions, match each rule(1 to 5) to one of the statements (A to G) given below. Mark your answer on your ANSWER SHEET.James Belasco: When the employee causes a problem, help him or her to recognize that. Describe how you feel about the situation and explain possible consequences. You may also suggest other ways for the person to think about the situation. For instance, tell the person how his or her difficult behavior affects other people, such as coworkers or customers.Ken Carlson: Encourage people instead of criticizing them. Praise them and they’ll do more things right and discover talents and abilities they never realized they had. Look for opportunities to compliment a person who demonstrates high work standards. Show the person that you understand everyone makes mistakes and that we can learn positive lessons from mistakes. Or even briefly share one of your own mistakes and thereby strengthen trust between you.Jack Carter: Although you’ ve got a lot to do each day, give your first attention to approving and reviewing projects your employees are working on that day. Don’t frustrate them by being too busy to OK their work or give direction. Give feedback and share information, ideas and suggestions in a timely manner. Don’ t hide behind voice mail and closed office door. Make yourself easy to contact in case they need you.Kelly Hodges: Often, it is the little things we do for people (such as letting workers with long commutes leave early on a snowy day, or springing for dinner when overtime is required) that determine their loyalty to you. Talk with people who have faced challenge in and outside the workplace. Offer them your encouragement. Ask them what things you can do that support them. Work with them to develop a plan for building more supportive behaviors. Show your employees that you care about them. Make certain every employee knows you are committed to supporting his or her development, both professional and personal developments.Robert Scott: Don’t shoot down a suggestion before you’ ve heard it in full. Many of us are too quick or too eager to show off our own experience and knowledge and say that something won’ t work because "we’ ve tried it before" or "we don’t do it that way. ". Give complete attention to his proposal. Listen carefully and respond with empathy. Seek opportunities to praise and compliment constructive suggestions. Now match each of the schools to the appropriate statement. Note: there are two extra statements. Statements[A] Don’t be overly critical.[B] Reward them for their hard work.[C] Be available.[D] Challenge them with a difficult task.[E] Take a personal interest in people.[F] Be open to ideas.[G] Influence the person’ s attitude. ( )R0bert Scott
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