题目内容

Tree Communication Tree communication is the ability that trees can actively defend themselves against serious insect attacks by either producing unsavory chemicals or poisons to fight back the insects or communicating a warning to other trees in the vicinity. In other words, trees cannot only protect themselves from insects attack, but also communicate with each another by sending off warning gases when attacked by insects, in order to trigger the defenses of neighbors. Now hear a talk on the same subject The professor gives an example to explain how willow trees protect each other through tree communication. Explain how this example is related to the reading passage.

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案例一: 近年来,在全球电脑市场不景气的大环境下,D电脑公司却始终保持着较高的收益,并且不断增加市场份额。D电脑公司成功的诀窍在哪儿? 该公司分管物流配送的副总裁一语道破天机:“我们只保存可供5天生产的存货,而我们的竞争对手则保存30天、45天,甚至90天存货。这就是区别。”由于材料成本每周就会有1%的贬值,因此库存天数对产品的成本影响很大,仅低库存一项就使D公司的产品比许多竞争对手拥有了8%左右的价格优势,D电脑公司分管物流配送的副总裁在分析该公司成功原因的时候说:“D公司总支出的74%用在材料配件购买方面,2000年这方面的总开支高达210亿美元,如果我们能在物流配送方面降低0.1%,就等于我们的生产效率提高了10%。物流配送对企业的影响之大由此可见一斑。” 高效率的物流配送使D公司的过期零部件比例保持在材料开支总额的0.05%-0.1%之间,2000年D公司全年在这方面的损失为2100万美元。而这一比例在D公司的对手企业中则高达2%-3%,在其他工业部门更是高达4%-5%。 试分析: 物资库存管理的作用与弊端。

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