In post-listening, teachers test how well the students have understood what they listened to. Further, the teacher might provide activities for students to practice oral or written work.
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In while-listening stage, students need to pay attention and process the information actively, and the teachers need to prepare various tasks or activities for students to do to train their listening ability.
Pre-listening activities should aim to motivate students, to activate students’ previous knowledge and experience, and to teach key words or key structures, so that students are affectively, thematically and linguistically prepared for the listening.
As far as classroom procedures are concerned, the teaching of listening generally follows three stages: pre-listening stage, while-listening stage, and post-listening stage.
Principles for teaching listening are: focus on process, combine form-focused teaching with communication, focus on comprehension of meaning, grade difficulty level appropriately.