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近200年间，地球上的森林已有1/3以上被采伐和毁掉。而另一 (167) 面，由于地球上的燃烧物增多，二氧化碳的排放量在急剧增加。此消彼涨，使得地球生态环境急剧恶化，主要表 (168) 为全球气候变暖。全球气候变暖对人类的生产和生活有着巨大的影响，甚至威胁人类 (169) 存。因为全球气候变暖，水分蒸发加快，改变了气流的循 (170) ，使气候变化加剧，从而引发热浪、飓风、暴雨、洪涝及干旱。
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十月革命发生时，古老的中国在经历了辛亥革命之后，仍然处在封建军阀统治的半殖民地半封建社会。结合材料和所学知识，回答下列问题： (1)1949年，美国政府发言人艾奇逊曾说：“中国共产党是在二十年代初期，在俄罗斯革命的思想推动之下建立起来的。”你对这种说法怎样评判你认为十月革命给中国带来的最大影响是什么 (2)1928年10月，毛泽东指出：“中国迫切需要一个资产阶级的民主革命，这个革命必须由无产阶级领导才能完成。……中国的民主革命的内容，依国际及中央的指示，包括推翻帝国主义及其军阀在中国的统治，完成民族革命，并实行土地革命，消灭豪绅阶级对农民的封建的剥削。”此时，中国共产党已经在哪五个方面进行了探索结果如何 (3)1937年5月，毛泽东指出：“由于中日矛盾成为主要的矛盾、国内矛盾降到次要和服从的地位、而产生的国际关系和国内阶级关系的变化，形成了目前形势的新的发展阶段。”在这一新阶段，中国共产党遵循什么原则处理和其他政治集团间的关系结果如何 (4)20世纪80年代，中国共产党在探索社会主义建设道路时有哪些重大举措 (5)第一个社会主义国家苏联解体，而中国特色社会主义事业取得重大成就，一反一正两方面的经验教训给我们的启示是什么
4 Once upon a time, innovation at Procter & Gamble flowed one way: from the United States outward. While the large Cincinnati-based corporation was no stranger to foreign markets, it usually sold them products that were already familiar to most Ameri- cans. Many Japanese families, for instance, swaddle their babies in Pampers diapers, and lots of Venezuelans brush their teeth with Crest. And of course ( company executives assumed) Amer- icans at home wanted these same familiar, red-white and blue brands. We might buy foreign-made cars, or chocolates, or cameras but household cleaners and detergents Recently, however, P & G broke with this long-standing tradition. Ariel, a P & G laundry detergent, was born overseas, and is a familiar sight on store shelves in Europe and Latin America. Now bilingual packages of Ariel Ultra, a super-concentrated cleaner, are appearing on supermarket shelves in Los Angeles. Ariel’s appearance in the United States reflects demographic changes making Hispanics the nation’s fastest-growing ethnic group. Ariel is a hit with this population. In fact, many Mexican immigrants living in Southern California have been "importing" Ariel from Tijuana, Mexico. "Hispanics knew this product and wanted it," says P & G spokeswoman Marie Salvado. "We realized that we couldn’t convince them to buy (our) other laundry detergents. " P & G hopes that non-Hispanic consumers will give Ariel a try too. Ariel’s already strong presence in Europe may provide a springboard for the company to expand into other markets as well. Recently P & G bought R akona, Czechoslovakia’s top detergent maker. Ariel, currently a top seller in Germany, is likely to be one of the first new brands to appear in Czech supermarkets. And Ariel is not the only foreign idea that the company hopes to transplant back to its home territory. Cinch, an all-purpose spray cleaner similar to popular European products, is currently being test-marketed in California and Arizona. Traditionally Americans have used separate cleaners for different types of surfaces, but market research shows that American preferences are becoming more like those in other countries. Insiders note that this new reverse flow of innovation reflects more sweeping changes at Procter & Gamble. The firm has hired many new Japanese, German, and Mexican man- agers who view P~G’s business not as a one-way flow of American ideas, but a two-way exchange with other markets. Says Bonita Austin of the investment firm Wertheim Schroeder, "When you met with P & G’s top managers years ago, you wouldn’t have seen a single for- eign face. " Today, "they could even be in the majority. " As Procter & Gamble has found, the United States is no longer an isolated mar- ket. Americans are more open than ever before to buying foreign-made products and to sell- ing U.S. made products overseas. According to the passage, Procter & Gamble hopes to transplant foreign idea back to its home territory because______.
So what is depression Depression is often more about anger turned (1) than it is about sadness. But it’s usually (2) as sadness. Depression can (3) at all ages, from childhood to old age, and it’s the United States’ No. 1 (4) problem.When someone is depressed, her behavior (5) change and she loses interest in activities she (6) enjoyed (like sports, music, friendships). The sadness usually lasts every day for most of the day and for two weeks or more.What (7) depression A (8) event can certainly bring (9) depression, but some will say it happens (10) a specific cause. So how do you know if you’re just having a bad day (11) are really depressed Depression affects your (12) , moods, behavior and even your physical health. These changes often go (13) or are labeled (14) simply a bad case of the blues.Someone who’s truly (15) depression will have (16) periods of crying spells, feelings of (17) (like not being able to change your situation) and (18) (tike you’ll feel this way forever), irritation or agitation. A depressed person often (19) from others, Depression seldom goes away by itself, and the greatest (20) of depression is suicide. The risk of suicide increases if the depression isn’t treated. 18（）
本题为选做题，请在Ⅰ、Ⅱ两道试题中选取其中一道作答，若两道都回答，只按第1道试题的成绩记人总分。 选做题I 在世界和平与发展的新形势下，各国政府纷纷推出本国所倡导的国际政治经济新秩序。美国也同样提出了自己所要树立的“世界新秩序”。其内容主要有：“确立美国在世界范围的领导地位。认为美国是当今世界独一无二的超级大国，美国对世界的领导是必不可少的；以美国为主导，以西方工业大国为核心，加强联盟协调，共同分担责任和行使权利，对社会主义国家施加影响，促使和平演变，积极向全世界推广美国的价值观念、意识形态和政治经济模式，推进全球资本主义化；以军事实力为后盾，联合西方盟国，建立以美国军事力量为保障的国际安全体系，由美国来充当世界警察。建立公正、开放的世界贸易制度，借以改善美国的竞争地位。” 请回答： (1)评析美国的“世界新秩序”。 (2)结合所学知识，阐述中国政府所主张建立的国际新秩序。 选做题Ⅱ 以下是关于科学技术的材料： 材料1 “在马克思看来，科学是一种在历史上起推动作用的革命的力量。科学首先看成是历史有力的杠杆，是最高意义上的革命力量。” 摘自《马克思恩格斯全集》 材料2 有人把科学技术当做万灵妙药，以为通过发展科学技术便能解决人类面临的一切问题；因为即使今天的科学技术不能解决，明天的科学技术总能解决；科学技术能使人类的生活越来越美好。对科学技术的信赖演变为崇拜，科学技术被当做对一切事物和观念进行判断的绝对标准，并以科学的名义对“非科学”大加挞伐。 相反，科学技术悲观论则以为科学技术的发展及其带来的物质福利的增进恰恰促成了道德的沦丧、人心的堕落，科学技术的应用就如打开了的“潘多拉之盒”，给人类生存带来危机：能源和资源枯竭，生态平衡破坏，屠杀人类的武器效能越来越高，难以觉察的致病致残因子散播之快之广远远超过了医学研究和控制的能力。 请回答： (1)根据材料1，如何理解科学技术是第一生产力，是“最高意义上的革命力量” (2)根据材料2，分析“科学技术决定论”和“科学技术悲观论”。
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