题目内容
It’s midnight. It’s high time you (go) ______ home.
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1. Digital Realm In the digital realm the next big advance will be voice recognition. The rudiments are already here but in primitive form. Ask a computer to "recognize speech," and it is likely to think you want it to "wreck a nice beach." But in a decade or so we’ll be able to chat away and machines will soak it all in. Microchips will be truly embedded in our lives when we can talk to them. Not only to ourcomputers; we’ll also able to chat our automobile navigation systems, telephone consoles, browsers, thermostats, VCRs, microwaves and any other devices we want to boss around. That will open the way to the next phase of the digital age: artificial intelligence. By our providing so many thoughts and preferences to our machines each day, they’ll accumulate enough information about how we think so that they’ll be able to mimic our minds and act as our agents. Scary, huh But potentially quite useful. At least until they don’t need us anymore and start building even smarter machines they can boss around. The law powering the digital age up until now has been Gordon Moore’s: that microchips will double in power and halve in price every 18 months or so. Bill Gates rules because early on he acted on the assumption that computing power—the capacity of microprocessors and memory chips—would become nearly flee; his company kept churning out more and more lines of complex software to make use of the cheap bounty. The law that will power the next few decades is that the bandwidth (the capacity of fiber-optic and other pipelines to carry digital communications) will become nearly free. Along with the recent advances in digital switching and storage technologies, this means a future in which all forms of content—movies, music, shows, books, data, magazines, newspapers, your aunt’s recipes and home videos—will be instantly available anywhere on demand. Anyone will be able to be a producer of any content; you’ll be able to create a movie or magazine, make it available to the world and charge for it, just like Time Warner! The result will be a transition from a mass. market world to a personalized one. Instead of centralized factories and studios that distribute or broadcast the same product to millions, technology is already allowing products to be tailored to each user You call subscribe to news sources that serve up only topics and opinions that fit your fancy. Everything from shoes to steel can be customized to meet individual wishes. In the near future, microprocessors, memory chips and bandwidth will become absolutely free.
Passage 1 The changing profile of a city in the United States is apparent in the shifting definitions used by the United States Bureau of the Census. In 1870 the census officially distinguished the nation’s "urban" from its "rural" population for the first time. "Urban population" was defined as persons living in towns of 8,000 inhabitants or more. But after 1900 it meant persons living in incorporated places having 2,500 or more inhabitants. Then, in 1950 the Census Bureau radically changed its definition of "urban" to take account of the new vagueness of city boundaries. In addition to persons living in incorporated units of 2,500 or more, the census now included those who lived in unincorporated units of that size, and also all persons living in the densely settled urban fringe, including both incorporated and unincorporated areas located around cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more. Each such unit, conceived as an integrated economic and social unit with a large population nucleus, was named a Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area (SMSA). Each SMSA would contain at least (a) one central city with 50,000 inhabitants or more or (b) two cities having shared boundaries and constituting, for general economic and social purposes, a single community with a combined population of at least 50,000, the smaller of which must have a population of at least 15,000. Such an area included the county in which the central city is located, and adjacent counties that are found to be metropolitan in character and economically and socially integrated with the county of the central city. By 1970, about two-third of the population of the United States was living in these urbanized areas, and of that figure more than half were living outside the central cities. With the Census Bureau and the United States government used the term SMSA (by 1969 there were 233 of them), social scientists were also using new terms to describe the elusive, vaguely defined areas reaching out from what used to be simple "towns" and "cities". A host of terms came into use: "metropolitan regions", "polynucleared population groups", "metropolitan clusters", and so on. Prior to 1900, how many inhabitants would a town have to have before being defined as urban
61. Sweden has got a population of only 8 million, but it is a large country with an area of 450,000 square kilometers. 62. There are frontiers with Norway to the west and Finland to the east and the distance from the southern to northern coasts is very long. In 1977, the Swedish king was Charles XVI and the Prime Minister was Mr. Fielding. 63. Sweden is neutral and is not a member of the European Economic Community (EEC). Its last war was from 1813 to 1814 when its army under the first Bemadotte king of Sweden was at the battle of Leipzig against Napoleon. 64. Sweden’s principal trading partners are Germany and Great Britain. Her main exports are machinery, paper, cars and iron and steel. In 1971, machinery was 26% and cars 10% of her exports, and exports were greater than imports by 2,000 million crowns. Between 1963 and 1971 there was an increase of 61% in industrial production. Sweden is a wealthy country. Taxes are high but her people are very well-off. With Denmark and Norway, Sweden has got her own airline, SAS. Her air force is very strong and she has got her own SAAB fighters. 65. Sweden is famous for the Nobel Prize, for the films of Ingmar Bergman, for the plays of Strindberg, and for Volvo cars. Stockholm is one of the loveliest cities in the world.
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