题目内容
In every cultivated language there are two great classes of words which, taken together, comprisethe whole vocabulary. First, there are those words 61 which we become acquainted in dailyconversation, which we learn, that is to say, from the 62 of our own family and from our familiarassociates, and which we should knowand use 63 we could not read or write. They concern the common things of life,and are thestock-in-trade (惯用言辞) of all who 64 the language. Such words may be called "popular,"since they belong to the people 65 and are not the exclusive possession of a limited class.On the other hand, our language includes a multitude of words which are comparatively 66used in ordinary conversation. Their meanings are known to every educated person, but there islittle 67 to use them at home or in the market-place. Our first acquaintance with them comes notfrom our mother’s lips or from the talk of our school-mates, 68 from books that we read,lectures that we hear, or the more formal conversation of highly educated speakers who arediscussing some particular 69 in a style appropriately elevated above the habitual level ofeveryday life. Such words are called "learned," and the 70 between them and the "popular" wordsis of great importance to a right understanding of linguistic process.
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简述引起和保持无意注意的主观和客观因素。
In every cultivated language there are two great classes of words which, taken together, comprisethe whole vocabulary. First, there are those words 61 which we become acquainted in dailyconversation, which we learn, that is to say, from the 62 of our own family and from our familiarassociates, and which we should knowand use 63 we could not read or write. They concern the common things of life,and are thestock-in-trade (惯用言辞) of all who 64 the language. Such words may be called "popular,"since they belong to the people 65 and are not the exclusive possession of a limited class.On the other hand, our language includes a multitude of words which are comparatively 66used in ordinary conversation. Their meanings are known to every educated person, but there islittle 67 to use them at home or in the market-place. Our first acquaintance with them comes notfrom our mother’s lips or from the talk of our school-mates, 68 from books that we read,lectures that we hear, or the more formal conversation of highly educated speakers who arediscussing some particular 69 in a style appropriately elevated above the habitual level ofeveryday life. Such words are called "learned," and the 70 between them and the "popular" wordsis of great importance to a right understanding of linguistic process.
Questions 49 to 52 are based on the following passage:Antarctica is a very large area of the earth’s surface, but--until recent years--was the least studied.More knowledge of it is important for all mankind.Antarctica seems a vast basin of rock, filled and overflowing with a load of ice. In all thisbarrenness and cold, what is there of valueFirst, Antarctica is bound to have mineral resources comparable to those of other great continents.Coal--much of it of poor quality--has been found at many points along the 2,000 mile mountainsystem known as the Great Antarctica Horst. A writer has found a small deposit of manganese oreand rock specimens flecked with uranium or stained green by copper. These finds are importantonly as indications that further exploration would be worthwhile, and such a systematic effort hasbegun under SCAR (the Special Committee on Antarctic Research). This group is an outgrowth ofthe International Geophysical Year (I.G.Y.); but its program has broadened from geophysics toinclude mapping and biology.of Antarctica. Strange antibiotics have been found in the drifting plants of the Antarctic seas; theRussians are reported to be carrying in live herring to be dumped overboard in an attempt at sea"farming."But for the immediate future the great value of Antarctica may lie in other lines of researchfrom the common cold to problems of outer space. The former is under scrutiny at a biologicallaboratory at McMurdo Sound, where clues to certain viruses are being sought in the study ofepidemics among the utterly isolated members of scientific parties.As to space research, there is no place on earth better suited than the South Pole for certain kindsof observation. Here is a firmly fixed point, in contrast to the drifting floes that cover the North Pole;from it all directions are north, and during the six months of darkness the stars circle around a pointdirectly overhead. The United States established an observatory there in 1957 for the I.G.Y. and hasmaintained it ever since.Now it is an ideal space tracking station. Any vehicle on a mission in the southern half of theheavens remains continuously "visible" to an antenna at the pole. Such a station is also able to playa unique role in interrogating earth satellites in orbit over both poles.Such satellites---maintaining their steady sweeps as the earth revolves beneath them---cover nilparts of the globe and hence are ideal for weather observation, communications and other tasks. TheSouth Pole would be the chock point on each circuit, snatching the data from space, processingthem in computers within seconds and relaying them to the rest of the world.On all these counts, the scientists justify their voyages to Antarctica and the vast sums needed.But essentially their argument is a simple one. The great continent to the south is still largelyunknown. In the quest for fundamental knowledge, which is the heart and soul of all science, itcannot be ignored. To a scientist the main reason for exploring the Antarctic is
某活动的工期采用三点估算法进行估算，其中最悲观估算是23天，最乐观估算是15天，最可能的估算是19天，则该活动的历时大致需要______天，该活动历时方差大概是______。
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