Question 5Imagine that you're a teacher, and you want to know how well your students understand the material that you presented throughout a 12 week course. Given what you now know about Multiple Independent Error Factors, which of the following measures would provide the best insight into their knowledge of the material?你现在是个老师，你想知道你给学生上的这十二周的课他们掌握的有多好。学了Multiple Independent Error Factors(多个独立的误差因素）的知识之后,（请你判断）下边那种策略能最好地衡量出他们对课程的掌握情况？
A final exam 期末考试
B. A reflective essay 一篇思辨散文
C. Weekly quizzes 每周的小测试
D. A debate 一场辩论
E. An interview 一次面试
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Question 4What cognitive explanation did we give for the response by students in Question 3?怎么解释问题三中学生的反应？
A. People feel silly changing their mind in public.人们觉得当众改变自己的想法显得自己好蠢.
B. The students couldn't remember the new evidence that Jason presented.学生们会忘记Jason 给他们看的新证据.
C. People like their own beliefs and are reluctant to change their minds.人们还是喜欢自己的信念，不情愿改变想法.
D. It's difficult to reconcile new evidence with a known set of facts.协调新证据和已知事实很困难。
E. Our beliefs are important to us, so we tend to protect ourselves by hanging on to them.信念对我们来说很重要，所以我们倾向于坚持信念来保护自己。
I've responded to the 25 statements on belief and 18 statements on thinking.
A. Completed
B. Not yet.
Question 10问题10Which of the following is not an example of the above tendency?以下那个例子不是关于以上趋势？
A. Nurses often say that they are busier when there is a full moon, but rarely take notice of the moon during other nights of the month.护士们常常说月圆之时他们会比平常更忙碌，但是却很少注意到一个月里其他晚上的月亮。
B. A police detective has a prime suspect in custody, and only seeks out evidence to confirm their guilt at the expense of subsequent, contradictory evidence.警探一旦有了被拘留的头号嫌疑犯就只会寻找证据来证实他们有罪，但之后却是找到相反的证据。
C. After hearing a rumour that a company is on the verge of bankruptcy, an investor reads only the stories that confirm the bankruptcy scenario and misses a story about the new product the company just launched, which is expected to perform well.在听说关于公司濒临破产的流言后，一个投资者只读那些能够确认破产的信息，却错过了关于这个公司即将发行的新产品的信息，这个新产品预计会表现很好。
D. People who believe that arthritis pain is influenced by the weather will notice their pain more during extreme weather events, but may pay less attention when the weather is typical.那些相信天气会影响关节炎疼痛的人只会在极端天气时注意到疼痛加重，但在正常天气情况下却很少注意到自己的关节炎疼痛情况。
E. In providing a patient with a second opinion on a cancer diagnosis, the doctor decides not to look at the information from the previous doctor, which might bias her opinion.为了给病人提供关于癌症诊断的二次意见，医生决定不去看之前医生给的信息，因为这些信息可能使他有所偏见。
Question 7问题7Which of the following statements is not an example of the "above average effect?"下面那一个不是关于“高于平均水平 现象”的例子？
A group of people who scored in the 12th percentile (i.e., 88 percent of the other participants scored higher than they did) on tests of humor, grammar, and logic estimated themselves to be in the 62nd percentile.在测试幽默、语法和逻辑的测试中，得分在第12百分位的人（百分之88的参与者分数比他们高）却估计自己在第62百分位。
B. In a national survey of motorcyclists, respondents believed themselves to be less at risk than other motorcyclists of an accident needing hospital treatment in the next year.在一个全国性的对骑摩托车人的调查中，调查对象相信比起那些第二年因事故需要住院治疗的骑车人，他们并为有太多危险。
C. In a survey of 706 university professors at the University of Nebraska, 94% rated themselves as above-average teachers.在一个对于706位Nebraska大学的教授的调查中，94％的老师自评高于平均水平。
D. When asked: "are you in the bottom half of driving skills?" 50% of respondents said "yes."当问“你的驾驶技术是否低于平均水平？”50％的参与者会说“是的。”
E. 81% of entrepreneurs judged the odds of their business succeeding as 7 out of 10 or better.81％的企业家认为他们生意成功的几率是十分之七或更好。
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