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场景（五）某高层办公楼进行装修改造，主要施工项目有：吊顶、地面（石材、地砖、木地板）、门窗安装、墙面为墙纸、乳胶漆;卫生间墙面为瓷砖，外立面采用玻璃幕墙及干挂石材，大厅中空高度为12米，回廊采用玻璃护栏，门窗工程、吊顶工程、细部工程等采用人造木板和饰面人造木板。合同要求：质量符合国家验收标准。施工已进入木装修、石材铺贴阶段。施工过程中，质检人员发现存在以下质量问题：（1） 在不同材料基体交接处墙面抹灰产生了开裂现象。（2） 发现将吊灯直接安装在吊顶龙骨上。（3） 卫生间墙面瓷砖铺贴不够美观、非整砖铺贴不合要求。根据场景（五），作答下列题目： 墙面砖粘贴每面墙不宜有两列以上非整砖，非整砖宽度一般不宜小于整砖的（）。
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场景（三）某医院改扩建工程于2006年5月1日申报竣工，同年5月10日竣工验收合格，5月20日工程移交，5月24日办理了竣工验收备案手续。总包施工单位提交了工程质量保修书。在保修期间，建设单位找了一个家装施工队进行地板改造，将地埋采暖管损坏，冬季供暖时发生了跑水事故。医院在发生跑水后立即通知总包施工单位维修。地埋采暖管修复后，各方因维修费用的承担发生争议。根据场景（三），作答下列题目： 本案跑水事故发生后，总包施工单位接到保修通知后，正确的做法是（）。
Water-the Issue of This Century The world is running short of fresh water. Populations are growing bigger and Thirstier(渴的), with the result that freshwater is becoming increasingly scarce (缺乏). Half the world’s wetlands have disappeared during the last century, while estimates suggest that water use will rise by 50% in the next 30 years. The World Bank report estimates that as much as half of the world’s population, concentrated in Africa, the Middle East and south Asia, will face ’severe water shortages’ by 2025. Local water conflicts and the loss of freshwater ecosystems appear large in some regions. A similar picture emerges from the globe’s salt water regions. Three-quarters of the world’s people may live within 100km of the sea in 2025, putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries (渔业) are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits, and half the world’s coral reefs (珊瑚礁) may perish in 100 years. Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities, the Bank says. The report concludes that there is ample evidence to justify immediate and coordinated action to safeguard supplies and use water more efficiently. Fresh water consumption is rising quickly, and the availability of water in some regions is likely to become one of the most pressing issues of the 21st century. A third of the world’s population - around two billion people - live in countries that are experiencing moderate to high water shortages. That proportion could rise to half or more in the next 30 years unless institutions (制度) change to ensure better conservation and allocation of water. China is one country where the portents (征兆) are gloomy. The most water-stressed country in East Asia, China is exploiting 44% of its usable water, a figure projected to rise to 60% by 2020. Primary withdrawal of water of more than 60% is widely considered by water experts to exceed the environmental carrying capacity of a river basin system. Although China’s total use appears still to be reasonable, it has several basins that are severely stressed environmentally. Withdrawals exceed environmental limits in Afghanistan and Pakistan, and will exceed them in India by 2020. In the Middle East and North Africa, only Morocco has unexploited water resources. The rest have exceeded environmental limits and many are mining aquifers (蓄水层) - bodies of water-bearing rock - the report says. Some species of fish in the Atlantic are at dangerously low levels.
场景（三）某医院改扩建工程于2006年5月1日申报竣工，同年5月10日竣工验收合格，5月20日工程移交，5月24日办理了竣工验收备案手续。总包施工单位提交了工程质量保修书。在保修期间，建设单位找了一个家装施工队进行地板改造，将地埋采暖管损坏，冬季供暖时发生了跑水事故。医院在发生跑水后立即通知总包施工单位维修。地埋采暖管修复后，各方因维修费用的承担发生争议。根据场景（三），作答下列题目： 本案改扩建工程施工中产生的废弃物属于（）垃圾。
案例二背景资料：某写字楼工程，地下1层，地上15层，框架剪力墙结构。首层中厅高12米，施工单位的项目部编制的模板支架施工方案是满堂扣件式钢管脚手架，方案由项目部技术负责人审批后实施。施工中，某工人在中厅高空搭设脚手架时随手将扳白手放在脚手架上，脚手架受振动后扳手从上面滑落，顺着楼板预留洞口（平面尺寸0.25m×0.50m）砸到在地下室施工的王姓工人头部。由于王姓工人认为在室内的楼板下作业没有危险，故没有戴安全帽，被砸成重伤。问题：1.说明该起安全事故的直接原因与间接原因。2.写出该模板支架施工方案正确的审批程序。3.扳手放在脚手架上是否正确？说明理由。4、何谓“三宝”和“四口”？本例的预留洞口应如何防护？
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