题目内容
The first moving-picture theater was probably the work of Harry Davis, Pittsburgh's most prosperous showman. In 1904, he rented a storefront, filled the room with chairs, gaily decorated the exterior, and advertised the【C1】______of a "nickelodeon". It was a(n)【C2】______success.
Although Davis was the first one to use the name nickelodeon,【C3】______experiments were taking place in other parts of the country.【C4】______the country, vaudeville(杂耍)managers, traveling exhibitors, and show businessmen【C5】______their jobs to set up their own nickel picture【C6】______. There was a great deal of money【C7】______in the business, but nickelodeon owners had to work hard to【C8】______their product. They could not afford to advertise【C9】______in the papers, but they could and【C10】______design their storefront facades to call attention to their shows--with oversized【C11】______, attraction boards, posters, and as many light bulbs as they had【C12】______for, To draw the attention of【C13】______, they set up phonographs on the street side and hired【C14】______barkers: "It is only five cents. ' See the moving-picture show, see the wonders of Port Said tonight, and a shrieking comedy from real life,【C15】______for five cents. Step in this way and learn to laugh.
From our vantage(有利的)point in the 1990-distraeted【C16】______we are by television, radio, CD players and DVDs, it's difficult to recapture the【C17】______caused by the appearance of these first nickel theaters. For the【C18】______of the city's population, until now shut out of its theaters and commercial amusements, the sudden【C19】______of nickel shows within walking distance must have been【C20】______short of extraordinary.
【C1】
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听力原文：W: ok, last night you were supposed to read an article about human bones. Are there any comments about it？
M: well, to begin with, I was surprised to find out there were so much going on in bones. I always assumed they were pretty lifeless.
W: Well, that's an assumption many people make. But the fact is bones are made of dynamic living tissue that requires continuous maintenance and repair.
M: Right. That's one of the things I found so fascinating about the article the way the bones repair themselves.
W: Ok. So can you tell us how the bones repair themselves.
M: Sure. See, there are two groups of different types of specialized cells in the bone that work together to do it. The first group goes to an area of the bone that needs repair. This group of cells produce the chemical that actually breaks down the bone tissue, and leaves a hole in it. After that the second group of specialized cells comes and produce the new tissue that fills in the hole that was made by the first group.
W: Very good. This is a very complex process. In fact, the scientists who study human bones don't completely understand it yet. They are still trying to find out how it all actually works. Specifically, because sometimes after the first group of cells leaves a hole in the bone tissue, for some reason, the second group doesn't completely fill in the hole. And this can cause real problems. It can actually lead to a disease in which the bone becomes weak and is easily broken.
M: ok, I get it. So if the scientists can figure out what makes the specialized cells work, maybe they can find a way to make sure the second group of cells completely fills the hole in the bone tissue every time. That'll prevent the disease from every occurring.
(31)
A．Because they are not news.B．Because they aren't pleasant to read.C．Because most peop
According to the passage, what is Wendy Uhlmann's attitude toward genetic testing？
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
For some time past it has been widely accepted that babies--and other creatures--learn to do things because certain acts lead to "rewards"; and there is no reason to doubt that this is true. But it used also to be widely believed that effective rewards, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related to such basic physiological (生理的) "drives" as thirst or hunger. In other words, a baby would learn if he got food or drink or some sort of physical comfort, not otherwise.
It is now clear that this is not so. Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome.
Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to "reward" the babies and so taught them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning the head to one side or the other. Then he noticed that a baby who had had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response with clear signs of pleasure. So he began to study the children's responses in situations where no milk was provided. He quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement "switched on" a display of lights-and indeed that they were capable of learning quite complex turns to bring about this result, for instance, two left or two right, or even to make as many as three turns to one side.
Papousek's light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to watch the lights closely although they would "smile and bubble" when the display came on. Papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights which pleased them, it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.
According to the author, babies learn to do things which______.
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