Question 10Geoff Norman suggested that simply identifying the traps in everyday thinking is not a very effective way to help people think better. Instead, he proposed that you improve by ______________.Geoff Norman认为简单识别每天思考中的误区并不是帮助人们更好地思考的有效方法。他认为你应该通过哪种方式来提升呢？
A. slowing yourself down. 慢慢来。
B. knowing more. 了解更多。
C. improving your general problem-solving skills. 提升你解决问题的综合能力
D. picking your shots. 选择你想思考的领域
E. getting better at self-assessment. 更好地进行自我评估
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Question 5We put the information from the facilitated communication example into a 2x2 contingency table, and discussed the costs and benefits of the two ways of being right and the two ways of being wrong. Which of the following best describes a miss in the example we provided?
A. The client has a rich inner life and is able to communicate, but everyone thinks the words came from the facilitator, so the client remains trapped inside and unable to communicate.
B. The client is unable to communicate and the words are coming from the facilitator, and everyone thinks the words came from the facilitator.
C. The client has a rich inner life and is able to communicate, and everyone believes that the words are coming from the client.
D. The client is unable to communicate and the words are coming from the facilitator, but everyone believes that they are coming from the client.
E. The words are coming from both the client and the facilitator, so we have no way of finding out who the information is coming from.
Question 4We asked Stephan Lewandowsky why some people tend to believe things despite overwhelming evidence to the contrary. What was his response?
A. People can't process some aspects of reality because they are too painful and need to shield themselves from them.
B. People are scared to accept the truth.
C. People are generally gullible and will believe anything you tell them.
D. People make all kinds of errors because they don't understand the scientific process.
E. People tend to cherry-pick one piece of supporting evidence while ignoring everything else.
Question 3Scott Allen described a test of facilitated communication by Doug Wheeler and colleagues from the O. D. Heck Developmental Centre. Wheeler showed the facilitator a picture of an object (e.g., a pair of socks) and showed the client a picture of a different object (e.g., a set of keys), and then asked the facilitator and the client to type out the name of the picture.
A. There was evidence of communication from the client on 60 trials.
B. In this example, the pair typed the word "K-E-Y-S."
C. There was evidence of communication from the client on 45 trials.
D. There was no evidence of communication from the facilitator on any trial.
E. There was no evidence of communication from the client on any trial.
Question 10When introducing the last of the 6 leads of opinion change: "Is it worth finding out about, or is it a case of why not?", we introduced a word of caution. What was this caveat?当我们介绍到最后一条导线“它值得探索吗？还是这只是一个选择问题？“ 时，我们提出了一个警告。这个警告是什么？
A. There may be a way of stating the evidence in a way that allows you to use this new information rather than just rejecting it outright. 或许有一种说明证据的方式，某种程度上来说，这种方式让你能利用新信息，而不是彻底拒绝它们。
B. Support for an opinion can't always be based on formal data or experiments. 对一个观点的支持不总是基于正经的数据或者实验.
C. People might simply use the excuse that "the cost is low, so why not?", and continue to hold the opinion in question without considering the other 5 leads. 人们可能用“这样做成本低，那为何不这么做呢“这样的的借口（让自己不再思考），不再考虑那五条导线，继续坚持先前的观念。
D. It's really tempting to think that things are either for you or against you. 人们很愿意考虑事情对自己究竟有没有好处。
E. If you can't think of something that would change your mind, then it's really time to be cautious. 如果你真想不到什么能改变你的想法，那你就真的要小心了。
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