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He was an old man with a white beard and huge nose and hands. Long before the time during which we will know him, he was a doctor and drove a jaded white horse from house to house through the streets of Winesburg. Later he married a girl who had money. She had been left a large fertile farm when her father died. The girl was quiet, tall, and dark, and to many people she seemed very beautiful. Everyone in Winesburg wondered why she married the doctor. Within a year after the marriage she died. The knuckles of the doctor’s hands were extraordinarily large. When the hands were closed they looked like clusters of unpainted wooden balls as large as walnuts fastened together by steel rods.He smoked a cob pipe and after his wife’s death sat all day in his empty office close by a window that was covered with cobwebs. He never opened the window. Once on a hot day in August he tried but found it stuck fast and after that he forgot all about it. Winesburg had forgotten the old man, but in Doctor Reefy there were the seeds of something very fine. Alone in his musty office in the Heffner Block above the Paris Dry Goods Company’s store, he worked ceaselessly, building up something that he himself destroyed. Little pyramids of truth he erected and after erecting knocked them down again that he might have the truths to erect other pyramids. Doctor Reefy was a tall man who had worn one suit of clothes for ten years. It was frayed at the sleeves and little holes had appeared at the knees and elbows. In the office he wore also a linen duster with huge pockets into which he continually stuffed scraps of paper. After some weeks the scraps of paper became little hard round balls, and when the pockets were filled he dumped them out upon the floor. For ten years he had but one friend, another old man named John Spaniard who owned a tree nursery. Sometimes, in a playful mood, old Doctor Reefy took from his pockets a handful of the paper balls and threw them at the nursery man. "That is to confound you, you blithering old sentimentalist," he cried, shaking with laughter. The story of Doctor Reefy and his courtship of the tall dark girl who became his wife and left her money to him is a very curious story. It is delicious, like the twisted little apples that grow in the orchards of Winesburg. In the fall one walks in the orchards and the ground is hard with frost under foot. The apples have been taken from the trees by the pickers. They have been put in barrels and shipped to the cities where they will be eaten in apartments that are filled with books, magazines, furniture, and people. On the trees are only a few gnarled apples that the pickers have rejected. They look like the knuckles of Doctor Reefy’s hands. One nibbles at them and they are delicious. Into a little round place at the side of the apple has been gathered all of its sweetness. One runs from tree to tree over the frosted ground picking the gnarled, twisted apples and filling his pockets with them. Only the few know the sweetness of the twisted apples. The girl and Doctor Reefy began their courtship on a summer afternoon. He was forty-five then and already he had begun the practice of filling his pockets with the scraps of paper that became hard balls and were thrown away. The habit had been formed as he sat in his buggy behind the jaded grey horse and went slowly along country roads. On the papers were written thoughts, ends of thoughts, beginnings of thoughts. One by one the mind of Doctor Reefy had made the thoughts. Out of many of them he formed a truth that arose gigantic in his mind. The truth clouded the world. It became terrible and then faded away and the little thoughts began again. The tall dark girl came to see Doctor Reefy because she was in the family way and had become frightened. She was in that condition because of a series of circumstances also curious. The death of her father and mother and the rich acres of land that had come down to her had set a train of suitors on her heels. For two years she saw suitors almost every evening. Except two they were all alike. They talked to her of passion and there was a strained eager quality in their voices and in their eyes when they looked at her. The two who were different were much unlike each other. One of them, a slender young man with white hands, the son of a jeweler in Winesburg, talked continually of virginity. When he was with her he was never off the subject. The other, a black-haired boy with large ears, said nothing at all but always managed to get her into the darkness, where he began to kiss her. For a time the tall dark girl thought she would marry the jeweler’s son. For hours she sat in silence listening as he talked to her and then she began to be afraid of something. Beneath his talk of virginity she began to think there was a lust greater than in all the others. At times it seemed to her that as he talked he was holding her body in his hands. She imagined him turning it slowly about in the white hands and staring at it. At night she dreamed that he had bitten into her body and that his jaws were dripping. She had the dream three times, then she became in the family way to the one who said nothing at all but who in the moment of his passion actually did bite her shoulder so that for days the marks of his teeth showed. After the tall dark girl came to know Doctor Reefy it seemed to her that she never wanted to leave him again. She went into his office one morning and without her saying anything he seemed to know what had happened to her. In the office of the doctor there was a woman, the wife of the man who kept the bookstore in Winesburg. Like all old-fashioned country practitioners, Doctor Reefy pulled teeth, and the woman who waited held a handkerchief to her teeth and groaned. Her husband was with her and when the tooth was taken out they both screamed and blood ran down on the woman’s white dress.The tall dark girl did not pay any attention. When the woman and the man had gone the doctor smiled. "I will take you driving into the country with me," he said. For several weeks the tall dark girl and the doctor were together almost every day. The condition that had brought her to him passed in an illness, but she was like one who has discovered the sweetness of the twisted apples, she could not get her mind fixed again upon the round perfect fruit that is eaten in the city apartments. In the fall after the beginning of her acquaintanceship with him she married Doctor Reefy and in the following spring she died. During the winter he read to her all of the odds and ends of thoughts he had scribbled on the bits of paper. After he had read them he laughed and stuffed them away in his pockets to become round hard balls. According to the story Doctor Reefy’s life seems very______.

A. eccentric
B. normal
C. enjoyable
D. optimistic

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Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

A. North and south.
B. East and west.
C. South and west.
D. North and east.

推拉式活动隔墙的轨道应当平直,在安装后,应该推拉平稳、灵活、无噪声,不得有弹跳卡阻现象。( )

A. 对
B. 错

安装双层石膏板时,面层板与基层板的接缝应错开,并不得在同一根龙骨上接缝。( )

A. 对
B. 错

Food Poisoning -- and How to Prevent It Changing lifestyles in the modem world have resulted in an increased demand for ready-to-cat foods, fast foods and dining out. This change in demand has, in mm, brought with it new and increased problems. One of these is the risk of bacterial food poisoning. How does food poisoning occur Usually, it takes large numbers of food poisoning bacteria to be present in food in order to cause illness. However, given the right conditions, bacteria can multiply very rapidly. These conditions include: Time -- In ideal conditions, one bacterium can multiply to 2,097,152 within seven hours. Temperature -- Food poisoning bacteria grow best in the temperature range of 5℃ -- 60℃. This is called the temperature danger zone. Food should not be left in the temperature danger zone. Nutrients -- Bacteria need their own food source to grow and multiply. The types of foods which bacteria prefer include dairy products, egg products, meat and poultry, small goods, not including salami (意大利腊肠), processed meat and chicken products, fish, shellfish and fish products. Because bacteria multiply rapidly in these foods, they are known as high risk foods. High risk foods which have been contaminated (污染) with food poisoning bacteria and then left in the temperature danger zone can cause food poisoning to anyone who consumes them. Water -- Without moisture, the growth of bacteria slows down and may stop. Drying is an effective form of food preserving. How does food become contaminated Food is contaminated through poor handling and storage and through lack of personal hygiene (卫生学) by the people who prepare and serve it. Food poisoning bacteria are very widespread. They can be found in the soil, on animals and on people. Because of this, it is possible for foods such as raw meat, poultry and vegetables to contain these bacteria from the start. A common way that food can become contamination, is through cross contamination. This can occur in two ways: During food preparation, hands, utensils (器具) and equipment such as cutting boards can become contaminated with bacteria from raw food. If these utensils, equipment and hands are then used to prepare ready-to-eat or cooked food, without first being thoroughly washed, then this food can become contaminated with bacteria from the raw food. As this food is not cooked again before being consumed, the bacteria in it will not be killed by cooking. During storage, bacteria from raw food can contaminate ready- to- eat or cooked food if the later are not stored separately. If they are stored in the same refrigerator, raw food should always be stored in the lowest part of the refrigerator and ready-to-eat or cooked food on the shelves above. This prevents liquids from the raw food dripping on to the cooked food. Store food in clean non- toxic washable containers or cover with foil or plastic film. How can food poisoning be prevented Food poisoning can be prevented by: (1) Preventing food from becoming contaminated. (2) Preventing the bacteria in the food growing and multiplying. We can think of food poisoning as being a chain of circumstances: ·There must be bacteria on the food. ·The bacteria have the right conditions to grow-warmth ( between 5℃ and 60℃) , moisture and food. ·The bacteria have time to grow and multiply. If this chain of events can be broken, food poisoning can be prevented. Some of the ways of breaking this chain are: ·Making sure your hands are dean before handing food. ·Thoroughly washing all equipment used for preparing raw foods. ·Storing raw foods below cooked foods in the refrigerator. ·Storing food correctly -- not in the Temperature Danger Zone. ·Making sure food is served as soon as possible after preparation.Some Common Food Poisoning BacteriaSalmonella (沙门氏菌)Commonly found in: meat, poultry, eggs and egg products.Symptoms: nausea (恶心), stomach cramps, diarrhea (痢疾), fever and headache.Onset(发作): 6 -- 72 hours after consuming contaminated food. Symptoms can last from 3--5 days.Bacillus (杆状菌)Commonly found in: Cereals, rice, meat products, packet soups.Symptoms: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and stomach cramps.Onset: 1--6 hours after consuming the contaminated food. Symptoms usually last no longer than 24 hours.Note: These bacteria produce spores which are not killed during cooking. When cooked food containing these spores, has been left in the temperature danger zone, the spores produce toxins (poisons) in the food which can cause food poisoning.Staphylococcus aureusCommonly found in: Meat and poultry dishes, egg products mayonnaise-based salads, cream or custard filled desserts.Symptoms: acute vomiting, nausea, occasionally diarrhea and cramps.Onset: 30 minutes -- 8 hours after consuming the contaminated food. Symptoms usually last about 24 hours.Note: These bacteria produce toxins in food. The toxin is not destroyed during cooking so correct storage of food before and after cooking is essential. These bacteria are commonly found on the skin and in the nose and mouths of healthy people. Therefore, it is important that you maintain high standards of personal hygiene (卫生学) when working with food. People with open cuts or wounds on their hands and arms must ensure that the injury is completely protected by a waterproof bandage. Other common food poisoning bacteria include: ·Clostridium perfringens. ·Vibrio parahaemolyticus. ·Listeria monocytogenes. Nowadays, people’s lifestyles are changing, which has resulted in the demand for fast foods.

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