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阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。 Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart Attack German researchers have (1) a new generation of defibrillators and early warning software aimed at offering heart patients greater protection (2) sudden death from cardiac arrest. In Germany alone around 100,000 people die annually as a result of cardiac arrest and many of these cases (3) by disruption to the heart’s rhythm. Those most at risk are Patients who have (4) suffered a heart attack and for years the use of defibrillators has proved useful in diagnosing (5) disruptions to heart rhythms and correcting them automatically by intervening within seconds. These devices (6) a range of functions such as that of pacemaker. Heart specialists at Freiburg’s University Clinic have now achieved a breakthrough with all implanted defibrillator (7) of generating a six-channel electrocardiogram(ECG) within the body. This integrated system allows early diagnosis of (8) blood-flow problems and a pending heart attack. It will be implanted in patients for the first time this year. Meanwhile, researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Mathematics in Kaiserslautern have developed new computer software that renders the evaluation of ECG data (9) . The overwhelming (10) of patients at risk will not have an implanted defibrillator and must for this reason undergo regular ECGs. "Many of the current programs only (11) into account a linear correlation of the data. We are, however, making use (12) a non-linear process that reveals the chaotic patterns of heart beats as an open and complex system." Hagen Knaf says." (13) changes in the heart beats over time can be monitored and individual variations in patients taken into account." An old study of ECG data, based (14) 600 Patients who had suffered a subsequent heart attack, enabled the researchers to compare risks and to show (15) the new software evaluates the data considerably better.
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下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文内容回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。第一篇 Early or Later Day Care The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby maintains that separation from the parents during the sensitive "attachment" period from birth to three may scar a child’s personality and predispose to emotional problems in later life. Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby’s work that children should not be subjected to day care before the age of three because of the parental separation it entails, and many people do believe this. But there are also arguments against such a strong conclusion. Firstly, anthropologists point out that the insulated love affair between children and parents found in modem societies does not usually exist in traditional societies. For example, in some tribal societies, such as the Ngoni, the father and mother of a child did not rear their infant alone--far from it. Secondly, common sense tells us that day care would not be so widespread today if parents, care-takers found children had problems with it. Statistical studies of this kind have not yet been carded out, and even if they were, the results would be certain to be complicated and controversial. Thirdly, in the last decade there have been a number of careful American studies of children in day care, and they have uniformly reported that day care had a neutral or slightly positive effect on children’s development. But tests that have had to be used to measure this development are not widely enough accepted to settle the issue. But Bowlby’s analysis raises the possibility that early day care has delayed effects. The possibility that such care might lead to, say, more mental illness or crime 15 or 20 years later can only be explored by the use of statistics. Whatever the long-term effects, parents sometimes find the immediate effects difficult to deal with. Children under three are likely to protest at leaving their parents and show unhappiness. At the age of three or three and a half almost all children find the transition to nursery easy, and this is undoubtedly why more and more parents make use of child care at this time. The matter, then, is far from clear-cut, though experience and available evidence indicate that early care is reasonable for infants. It is suggested that modem societies differ from traditional societies in that
在国际贷款中，政府贷款的特点是利率低、附加费用少。( )
第三篇 IQ-gene In the angry debate over how much of IQ comes from the genes that children inherit from parents and how much comes from experiences, one little fact gets overlooked: no one has identified any genes (other than those that cause retardation) that affect intelligence. So researchers led by Robert Plomin of London’s Institute of Psychiatry decided to look for some. They figured that if you want to find a "smart gene", you should look in smart kids. They therefore examined the DNA of students like those who are so bright that they take college entrance exams four years early--and still score at Princeton--caliber levels. The scientists found what they sought. "We have," says Plomin, "the first specific gene ever associated with general intelligence." Plomin’s colleagues drew blood from two groups of 51 children each, all 6 to 15 years old and living in six counties around Cleveland. In one group, the average IQ is 103. All the children are white. Isolating the blood cells, the researchers then examined each child’s chromosome 6 of the 37 landmarks on chromosome 6 that the researchers looked for, one jumped out: a form of gene called IGF2R occurred in twice as many children in the high-IQ group as in the average group--32 percent versus 16 percent. The study, in the May issue of the journal Psychological Science, concludes that it is this form of the IGF2R gene that contributes to intelligence. Some geneticists see major problems with the IQ-gene study. One is the possibility that Plomin’s group fell for "chopsticks fallacy". Geneticists might think they’ve found a gene for chopsticks flexibility, but all they’ve really found is a gene more common in Asians than, say, Africans. Similarly, Plomin’s IQ gene might simply be one that is more common in groups mat emphasize academic achievement. "What is the gene that they’ve found reflects ethnicity" asks geneticist Andrew Feinberg of Johns Hopkins University. "That alone might explain the link to intelligence, since IQ tests are known for being culturally sensitive and affected by a child’s environment. "And Neil Risch of Standford University points out that if you look for 37 genes on a chromosome, as the researchers did, and find that one is more common in smarter kids, that might reflect pure chance rather than a causal link between the gene and intelligence. Warns Feinberg, "I would take these findings with a whole box of salt." What does "some" in the second sentence of paragraph one stands for
请分析吕某的行为性质的认定和犯罪形态。 1．定罪：吕某架设电线时，用手去碰触包扎的地方，觉得没有电麻的感觉，就轻率地认为不会出事故。吕某的这种已经预见自己的行为可能发生危害社会的结果却轻信能够避免，以致发生这种结果的行为，完全符合过失犯罪的特征。吕某因过失行为致人死亡，构成过失致人死亡罪。 吕某不构成故意杀人罪。因为吕某并没有预见到自己的行为会发生危害社会的后果，更谈不上希望或放任危害结果的发生，而且危害结果的发生显然是违背吕某的意思的。 吕某不构成过失以危险方法危害公共安全罪，对于吕某应当定过失致人死亡罪。因为吕某为了生活用电架设电线，主观上不是为了加害于人，而且在人迹罕至的地方架设电线，客观上也不足以危害公共安全，因此吕某的行为不构成过失以危险方法危害公共安全罪。 2．吕某是过失犯罪，吕某见状帮助受害人进行人工呼吸，并送往医院抢救不构成犯罪中止。犯罪中止是故意犯罪的未完成形态，在犯罪过程中，自动放弃犯罪或者自动有效地防止犯罪结果发生的构成犯罪中止，吕某并无故意犯罪，不构成犯罪中止。 3．吕某不构成累犯，因为其前罪是危害国家安全的犯罪，但后罪是过失致人死亡的犯罪，既不构成一般累犯，也不构成危害国家安全犯罪的特别累犯。
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