题目内容

某桥梁工程,施工单位为了防止钻孔灌注桩出现断桩现象和桥梁钢筋混凝土结构出现构造裂缝,采取了一系列的措施。由于施工单位的措施得力,该桥梁工程未出现钻孔灌注桩断桩和钢筋混凝土结构裂缝现象。 在钻孔灌注桩钻孔过程中,应保持护筒中泥浆施工液位一定高度,形成( )液位差,以保护孔壁免于坍塌。

A. 0~1m
B. 1~2m
C. 2~2.5m
D. 2.5~3m

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设备分配中的安全性是指______。

"It is difficult not to hear in Standard English always the sound of slaughter and conquest" (Hooks, 1994). Learning one language means acquiring its culture because one cannot be separated from the other. This gain is accompanied by the inevitable transformation or loss of certain aspects of the first language and culture. The fear for many, therefore, is that teaching one common language will create a common world culture, but at the expense of the other cultures worldwide. This loss of culture will ultimately lead to a loss of the many different identities creating a clone (克隆) of the more dominant identity of the English Speaking World. The individuals’’ cultural identity will disintegrate (碎裂、分解), leading to a suppressed identity especially if the first language and culture are considered deficient compared to the learned language and culture of English. So compared to the native speaker of the English, individuals will consider themselves inferior, and this feeling of inferiority is intensified because of the native speaker’’s feeling of superiority. At the same time, those learning and using the language of power (in this case English) become part of an elitist (精英) group, who by virtue of position or education exercise power or influence over others in their group who have not learned English. Thus because of the assumption that the knowledge of English is related to intellectual and social superiority, the English speaking group ends up with power and influence over the non-English speakers. A linguistic hierarchy of power is created with the native English speaker on top, followed by the non-native speaker of English, leaving the non-English speaker at the bottom. In this context, Phillipson proposes the term of English Linguistic Imperialism. Linguistic Imperialism is maintained due to the elitism (精英主义) which becomes entrenched ( 确立的) in society when the dominance of one language becomes an accepted norm, and the speakers of that language are assumed to have intellectual and social superiority that ensures their power and influence over others. Elitism can be traced to the French word élite, which means selection or choice, and in the case of linguistic elitism the act of selection or choice is done by the native speakers of the language as well as the non-native speakers. The non-native speakers of the language (English), especially those who never acquire native fluency, are assumed by their peers (同辈、同等人) as well as by the native speakers as being intellectually deficient in some way. The manifestations of this elitist attitude toward the English language are prevalent (盛行的) in all aspects of life from educational institutions to businesses and social situations. The international prevalence of this attitude can be found in English speaking countries like the US and UK, where there is a large immigrant population that speaks English as a second language, and in Pakistan and India, where English is the national language, but is not the first language of the majority. Which of the following is NOT correct

A. Learning a foreign language means acquiring its culture.
B. Learning a foreign language will lead to the loss or transformation of certain aspects of one’’s own culture.
C. Learning a common language is cloning a common culture.
D. It is fearful to teach a foreign language.

用钢直尺和划规划出的垂线比用90°角尺划出的垂线准确度差。( )

A. 对
B. 错

某城市排水工程施工,在进行沉井施工时,负责人通过沉井的类型、沉井的构造、沉井的制作、沉井的下沉、沉井封底等的实际分析,决定采用阶梯形沉井施工。在沉井封底时,为了使封底板与井壁更好连接且防止渗水还建了凹槽,并且采用排水开挖下沉的方法进行沉井下沉。 沉井在施工中独有的特点有:( )。

A. 占地面积小
B. 作用范围大
C. 不需要板桩围护
D. 操作简便
E. 运用了特殊专用设备

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