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If you want to stay young, sit down and have a good think. This is the research finding of a team of Japanese doctors, who say that most of our brains are not getting enough exercise and as a result, we are aging unnecessarily soon. Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age and how the process of aging could be slowed down. With a team of colleagues at Tokyo National University, he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations. Computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain, which relate to intellect and emotion, and determine the human character. The rear section of the brain, which controls functions like eating and breathing, does not contract with age, and one can continue living without intellectual on emotional faculties (功能). Contraction of front and side parts—as cells die off—was observed in some subjects in their thirties, but it was still not evident in sixty-and seventy-year-old. Matsuzaswa concluded from his tests that there is a simple remedy to the contraction normally associated with age—using the head. The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns. Those least at risk, says Matsuzawa, are lawyers, followed, by university professors and doctors. White collar workers doing routine work in government offices are, however, as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm worker, bus driver and shop assistant.Matsuzawa’’s findings show that thinking can prevent the brain from thinking. Blood must circulate properly in the head to supply the fresh oxygen the brain cells needed. "The best way to maintain good blood circulation is through using the brain." he says, "Think hard and engage in conversation. Don’’t rely on pocket calculators." The team of doctors wanted to find out________.
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专家认为，如果汽车技术行业经过长年的研发能降低3%的油耗，就可以算是非常显著的研究成果了；但即使是能降低3%的油耗，对实际生活中的消费者来说也不太明显。而且汽车生产厂家在不影响加速动力性的情况下，已经在尽量省油．目前生产的汽车在节油和动力方面的效果已经达到了最佳配置比。 根据这段话．以下说法正确的是( )。
The medical world is gradually realizing that the quality of the environment in hospitals may play a significant role in the process of recovery from illness. As part of a nationwide effort in Britain to bring art out of the galleries and into public places, some of the country’’s most talented artists have been called in to transform older hospitals and to soften the hard edges of modern buildings. Of the 2,500 National Health Service hospitals in Britain, almost 100 now have significant collections of contemporary art in corridors, waiting areas and treatment rooms. These recent initiatives own a great deal to one artist, Peter Senior, who set up his studio at a Manchester hospital in north-eastern England during the early 1970s. He felt the artist had lost his place in modern society, and that art should be enjoyed by a wider audience. A typical hospital waiting room might have as many as 5 ,000 visitors each week. What better place to hold regular exhibitions of art Senior held the first exhibition of his own paintings in the out-patients’’ waiting area of the Manchester Royal Infirmary in 1975. Believed to be Britain’’s first hospital artist, Senior was so much in demand that he was soon joined by a team of six young art school graduates. The effect is striking. Instead of the familiar long, barren corridors and stark waiting rooms, the visitor experiences a full view of fresh colors, playful images and restful courtyards. The quality of the environment may reduce the need for expensive drugs when a patient is recovering from an illness. A study has shown that patients who had a view on to a garden needed half the number of strong painkillers compared with patients who had no view at all or only a brick wall to look at. What can we say of Peter Senior
Perhaps it was his own lack of adequate schooling that inspired Horace Mann to work so hard to accomplish the important reforms in education. While he was still a boy, his father died, and he had to support his family. Like most of the children in his town, he attended school two or three months a year. Later, with the help of several teachers, he was able to study law and become a member of the Massachusetts bar, but he never forgot those early struggles. While serving in the Massachusetts legislature, he signed a historic education bill that set up a state board of education. Without regret, he gave up his successful legal practice to become the first secretary of the board. There he exercised an enormous influence during the critical period of reconstruction that brought into existence the American graded elementary school as a substitute for the older district school system. Under his leadership, the curriculum was restructured, the school year was increased to a minimum of six months, and mandatory schooling was extended to age sixteen. Other important reforms that came into existence under Mann’’s guidance included the establishment of state normal schools for teacher training. Considered quite radical at the time, the Massachusetts reforms later served as a model for the nation’’s educational system. Mann was formally recognized as the father of public education. During his lifetime, Horace Mann worked tirelessly to extend educational opportunities to agrarian families and the children of poor laborers. In one of his last speeches he summed up his philosophy of education and life: " Be ashamed to die until you have won some victory for humanity. " Why does the author mention Horace Mann’’s early life
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